Question 2 Revision Cards

• Describe the location of your fieldwork and outline why this was a suitable site for your investigation. (June 2009)                                                                 (4) 
• River Holford, East Quantox hills, West Somerset, UK. Source: Lady fountain springs      (ST 159387)
• River Holford is 4.5 miles in length and holds
• Previously piloted by FSC staff to prove it has some correlation to the bradshaw model. 

• Describe the geographical theory, concept or idea that that formed the basis of your fieldwork investigation (June 10)
• Draw bradshaw model
• Bradshaw Model shows the rivers characteristics that rivers should generally apply to.
• State which characteristics increases and decreases up/downstream (DO NOT EXPLAIN)
• Mention what characteristics you were going to test the river holford with.

• State one hypothesis or research question or issue for evaluation that you have investigated in 
• Mention the Bradshaw model 
• and State "Our research question is to what extent does the River Holford in Somerset fit the Bradshaw Model"
• Or state the hypothesis' such as I predict that discharge will increase downstream etc etc. 

• Describe one method of primary data collection used in this investigation
• DO NOT EVALUATE ANYTHING
• State how you collected the data from the river
• Depth is a good example
• Method: At each of our sites which were allocated by our sampling stratgery, we took the measuring tape to each side of the bank and placed it on the bank at the water level and got another person to record the measuresments for 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 across the river. we then placed the ruler into the water at these point (1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and also the left and right banks) we then noted these measurements down to the nearest mm in our data collection sheets,

• Briefly outline its aim and one hypothesis you sought to test 
• The aim was to test to which extent the River Holford fits the Bradshaw model
• Hypothesis': I predict that Gradient will increase as you can downstream.

• How did you respond to risks associated with undertaking your primary data collection?
• 2 risks and 3 responses? 
• Risks while taking depth measurements - Drowning to respond to this risk, we entered the river into groups of 4 and stayed with each other at all times, so if we were to accidentally drop under the water, we could easily be noticed and retrieved from the water.
• Risk while taking depth measurements could be getting water borne dieases such as Wiles diease. to combat this risk we didn't enter the river if we had any open cut and we also wore rubber gloves so water couldn't get into these open cuts if we have some and didn't notice. 
  Also we responded to this risk by keeping our hands away from our mouths and using antibacterial handwash when eating our lunch.  

• Outline the risks associated with carrying out your fieldwork and assess the effectiveness of strategies used to minimise the risks 
   
• State 2/3 risk and 2/3 responses - Water borne dieases, drowing, prickly vegatation, animals etc.
• give an evaluation point on a response and say wether it was a effective or not and possibly give an improved response. 

• With reference to your fieldwork investigation, distinguish between qualitative and quantative data 
• Qualitative Data are made up of text. (Site description notebook in our case)
• Quantative data is data that is made up numbers. (depth measurements, velocity,gradient. etc. ) 

Describe the methodology and state wether it is primary or secondary data. 

Primary(collected by yourself) 
-depth,velocity, gradient and width Measurements.  

Secondary (Gathered from other sources)
-OS Maps  etc 

Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the method of data collection used in your investigation.

State the strength and weaknesses of your one of your methods used to collect data.

Velocity: +ve taken at 3 points across the channel to get a more accurate represenation of the river at that given point. 
-ve can be time consuming as it can be easily stopped by debris in the river. 

OR

Depth: +ve taken at 5 points across the river to give  amore accurate respresentation and can be data can be plotted into a graph to give a visual represenation. 

-ve the ruler that is used causes the water to flow up it which can give an accurate reading. 

Outline and justify one method of data collection that you used in your enquiry

Choose Depth or Velocity and describe what you did and give a reason to why you chose this over other methods.

For example, you could compare the velocity measurments with using a hydroprop rather than the cork method. 

For one item of primary data you have collected for the study outline the method of data collection and the usefulness of the data item in your fieldwork

Once again, briefly describe the method and then explain why it was useful for the investigation. 

For example, velocity and discharge measurements were useful as these measurements could be plotted and could be analysed to see if they matched the characestics of the bradshaw model. 

• For one item of primary data you collected for the study briefly outline the sampling strategy used and the method of data collection (6)
  
  
• Briefly describe the Method (depth or velocity) then state what sampling stratgery was used  and describe the how you used that sampling techinque on the river. for example using systematic sampling to choose the points across the channel.

• Plotted all the measurements into a  spreadsheet
• Selected the data that needed to be presented (Distance downstream and Gradient)
• Used Microsoft Excel's graph tab and clicked line graph with a line of best fit.
• Microsoft Excel automatically produced a line graph with my plotted data. 
• Labelled the axis with the correct units (for example distance downstream (m) 
• finally, i gave the graph an appropiate title (Gradient Vs Distance downstream in the River Holford) 

Describe one method used to present the data. Why did you choose this method? (4)

Describe the method you took exactly the same as the previous card but add a couple senteces why you chose that method over others. 

For example, putting it in a graph allows you to get a better visual representation of the data compared just quantative data in front of you which you have to interpret. 

Outline and justify the use of one or more techniques used to analyse your results. 

Describe a method of data analysis that was used in your investigation and state the advantages of using that method

• spearmans rank statistical test. explain how it's done (create a null hypothesis etc. ) 
• and explain why it was better because it shows you directly that theres a significance in the correlation etc.