The Troubles
- Created by: Niamh Hackett
- Created on: 15-03-20 18:02
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- The Troubles - according to Making sense of the Troubles
- IRA
- Became a left-wing pressure group after the failure the 1950s campaign, Marxists took control
- Moved away from using violence, focused on issues such as housing
- After August 1960 working nationalist felt that the IRA had failed them
- New IRA came into being in order to protect the ghettos however it would develop into an aggressive killing machine
- Became a left-wing pressure group after the failure the 1950s campaign, Marxists took control
- Nationalists
- February 1969 election Nationalist MPs were replaced by younger civil rights actionists
- Social Democratic Labour Party (SDLP)
- In the second half of 1970, new group the SDLP superseded the civil rights movement
- UVF
- December 1971 - small Catholic bar was blown up with a loss of fifteen lives
- Unionists
- Thought that the IRA was using the civil rights movement to create a new campaign of violence
- After the February 1969 election the party was no longer a monolith, as it had often been described previously
- Northern Ireland Prime ministers
- Captain Terrence O'Neill 1963-1969
- dd not manage to convince Unionism as a whole of the need for change or convince them that he could deliver it
- 'The Crossroad speech' - television appeal December 1968
- James Chichester-Clark 1969-71
- not a natural politican
- Brian Faulkner 1971-72
- he created a tougher army approach and enforced the security initiative of internment
- most talented Unionist politician at that time
- last chance to save the Stormont system
- overestimated the RUC and underestimated the IRA
- Captain Terrence O'Neill 1963-1969
- Civil rights movement
- Prominent IRA figues played a part in the birth of the movement
- IRA was one part among many others of the movement and was never in charge of it
- 4 January - open violence at Burntollet bridge - one key event of the movement
- Prominent IRA figues played a part in the birth of the movement
- Key dates
- August 1969
- deepened community divisions and increased bitterness
- Chichester-Clark asked London to send troops in to restore order as police force was only 3000 people
- Battle of the Bogside full scale uprising
- trouble spread to others to 'take the heat' off the Bogsiders and show support
- Bloody Friday June 1972
- 9 died in Belfast and 130 injured
- IRA detonated 20 devices in just over an hour, causing widespread confusion and fear
- 9 August 1971 Large scale arrest operation (as a part of internment)
- around 340 arrests were made
- an attempt to try and round up the IRA
- the files that arrested were based off were out of date and inaccurate
- there was 'inhumane and degrading' treatment according to the European Court of Human Rights
- July 1970 Falls Road Curfew
- 30 January 1972 - Bloody Sunday
- soldiers opened fire following a large illegal civil rights movement in Derry
- 14 died
- hardened attitudes, increased paramilitary recruitment, helped generate more violence and convulsed Anglo-irish relations
- 5 October 1968
- Austin Currie. a young Nationalist MP squatted in a house which was given to a young unmarried Protestant girl instead of two Catholic families
- Start of the Troubles - 'the spark that ignited the bonfire'
- August 1969
- Involvement of the south
- Lynch 1969 - 'not stand idly by' speech
- Internment
- not a single Loyalist was detained
- first 6 months 2,400 people were arrested
- caused an eruption of violence
- there was a large scale evacuation around 2,000 to 2,500 families moved homes around August 1971
- IRA
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