Water on the Land: LEDC Flooding-Bangladesh 2004

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  • LEDC Flooding-Bangladesh
    • Causes
      • Monsoon Rainfall- parts of Ganges basin received 500mm of water during monsoon
      • Deforestation of Himalayas-reduced interception rates, shorter lag time and higher peak discharges
      • Three rivers converge-Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna
      • Cyclones from Bay of Bengal cause coastal flooding
    • Primary Effects
      • 2004 floods lasted from July to September, covering 50% of the country at their peak
        • 40% of the capital, Dhaka was under water.
          • 600 deaths reported
            • Bridges destroyed, airport and major roads flooded.
    • Secondary Effects
      • 30 million homeless
        • 100,000 in Dhaka suffered from diarrhoea
          • Another 150 died from waterborne diseases
    • Short term responses
      • The government and other organisations provided emergency relief: rice, clothing, blankets, towels and medicines.
        • July: UN activated a disaster management team to coordinate the activities of the various UN agencies. Supplied emergency supplies, and conducted a "damage and needs assessment"
          • Bilateral aid from individual countries was directed by the UN team.
            • Self help schemes-locals worked together to rebuild their properties and communities.
    • Long term responses
      • Responses to major floods are dependent on foreign aid from both official and unofficial sources.
        • Food shelters and early warning systems have been set up.
          • Financial aid was granted for 5 years in the form of a loan from the World Bank to pay for repairs to infrastructure, water resources management and education.

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