History

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  • Created by: bobbif
  • Created on: 09-05-17 10:45
What was an Amateur?
- middle class/upper class - strict adherence to rules - restricted w/c - playing for fun and for no financial gain -
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What is a Modern Day Amateur?
- blurred distinction between amateur and professional (more equal) - some amateurs receive expenses - performance at top level for most sports is open to all- fairplay/sportsmanship evident - inclusive - acts as a platform for professional sport -
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What was a Professional?
- paid - working classes - based on talent in a sport -
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What is a Modern Day Professional?
- role models for spectators - media personalities (used to sell products) - social mobility (ways to move up social classes based on sporting talent) - performance standards are higher as they are paid to train - olympics accept some professionals -
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Characteristics of England pre 1800
- recreation for the populace - land owners were upper class - poor farmers were working class - w/c had limited leisure time and income - recreation was violent, unruly and rural
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Characteristics of Popular Recreation
- mob games, cockfighting (gambling involved) - working classes involved - took place on festivals and holidays - physical force rather than skill - few unwritten rules - limited equipment - participating rather than spectating -
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Industrialisation caused:
- w/c moved to towns (urbanisation) - factories employed thousands - machines replaced people in manufacturing jobs - poor working conditions - limited leisure time - lack of health and loss of rights -
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Effects of Industrialisation on Sport
- middle class was formed - no space or time for traditional sport - conditions improved, increased health and leisure - bank holidays used for excursions to seaside - more access to public parks -
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Rise of the Middle Class
- people lower than the upper, but higher than the working classes - managed and set up factories - wanted a meritocratic society - reformed working hours, conditions and pay (Factory Reform Act)
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Effects on Sport
- football and rugby created - improved transport - time keeping improved (clocks and watches) - growth of spectators - printing produced newspapers - improved literacy/education -
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Emergence of Rational Recreation
- popular recreation was immoral - u/c and m/c wanted to increase discipline and health - control the unruly rabble - middle classes playing at public schools and university -
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What was Codification?
- systematic definition of rules of activity and of behaviour - public school boys agreed rules at university - rules must be codified - NGBs were created and allows competition on equal levels -
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Characteristics of Rational Recreation
- regular participation - complex written rules - spectating and participating - skill rather than force based - developed by middle classes - use of equipment and officials -
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3 Main Contributors to Rational Recreation:
- codification - organisations - competitions -
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Why were NGBs created?
- increase focus on fairplay - provide discipline - clubs established and agreed rules - promoted development of regional and local organisations -
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What is Muscular Christianity?
- an educational experience involving manliness with godliness -
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

- blurred distinction between amateur and professional (more equal) - some amateurs receive expenses - performance at top level for most sports is open to all- fairplay/sportsmanship evident - inclusive - acts as a platform for professional sport -

Back

What is a Modern Day Amateur?

Card 3

Front

- paid - working classes - based on talent in a sport -

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

- role models for spectators - media personalities (used to sell products) - social mobility (ways to move up social classes based on sporting talent) - performance standards are higher as they are paid to train - olympics accept some professionals -

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

- recreation for the populace - land owners were upper class - poor farmers were working class - w/c had limited leisure time and income - recreation was violent, unruly and rural

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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