... earthquakes range in depth from the surface to 70km deep. They occur in cold, brittle rocks from rock fracturing due to high levels of stress in the crust. They release low levels of energy, which can have very severe impacts
Shallow Focus
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... earthquakes have a depth of 70km to 700km and scientists find it hard to understand ... quakes. An increased depth causes pressure and temperature to increase to very high levels. Its hard to determine if energy released is by water or minerals
Deep Focus
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Tectonic Measures: The ... scale ranges from 1-10. 1 meaning the quake was not felt. 10 meaning quake was extreme with high damage. It measures the intensity of shaking of the earthquake. It tells us how much destruction to expect, but its opinions
Modified Mercalli
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Tectonic Measures: The ... scale measures the max amplitude of seismic waves. It uses a logarithmic scale meaning a 7Mw quake is 10 times greater than a 6Mw quake. Its highly accurate when measuring, but the seismograph can malfunction and break
Richter
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Tectonic Measures: The ... scale measures the size of the earthquakes by how much energy is released. It relates to the amount of movement of rock. Its shows what waves were produced with the energy, but it doesn't say how much damage there was
Moment Magnitude
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The .. is he beginning of the Earthquake
Focus
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The ... is directly above the focus, where the earthquake meets the crust surface
Epicentre
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... are waves of energy
Seismic Waves
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A ... is lines of weakness running through the crust
Fault
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Seismic Waves: ... waves are fast-travelling, low frequency, compressional waves which vibrate in the direction which they travel
Primary
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Seismic Waves: ... waves are half the speed of P-waves and have a high frequency, They vibrate at right angles to the direction in which they travel
Secondary
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Seismic Waves: ... waves are the slowest of the 3 waves, but also have a low frequency. Some have rolling movements that moves the surface vertically while others move the ground at right angles
Surface
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Surface Waves: ... waves move side to side
Love
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Surface Waves: ... waves move in elliptical waves; a circular direction
Rayleigh
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Earthquake formations: ... are lowland regions that form where the Earths tectonic plates move apart. They are created by the process of sea floor spreading, and by tectonic activity
Rift Valley
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Earthquake formations: Most ... occur at divergent plate boundaries where 3 plates meet. They can also form at transform plate boundaries where the plates slide past each other. The plates move away from each other leaving a valley behind
Rift Valley
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Earthquake formations: Most ... are found underwater, also known as mid-ocean ridges, and molten rock can create new oceanic crust at the bottom of the valley
Rift Valley
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
... earthquakes have a depth of 70km to 700km and scientists find it hard to understand ... quakes. An increased depth causes pressure and temperature to increase to very high levels. Its hard to determine if energy released is by water or minerals
Back
Deep Focus
Card 3
Front
Tectonic Measures: The ... scale ranges from 1-10. 1 meaning the quake was not felt. 10 meaning quake was extreme with high damage. It measures the intensity of shaking of the earthquake. It tells us how much destruction to expect, but its opinions
Back
Card 4
Front
Tectonic Measures: The ... scale measures the max amplitude of seismic waves. It uses a logarithmic scale meaning a 7Mw quake is 10 times greater than a 6Mw quake. Its highly accurate when measuring, but the seismograph can malfunction and break
Back
Card 5
Front
Tectonic Measures: The ... scale measures the size of the earthquakes by how much energy is released. It relates to the amount of movement of rock. Its shows what waves were produced with the energy, but it doesn't say how much damage there was
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