Biology Topic 3C

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  • Created by: Ionahar
  • Created on: 15-01-23 20:43
What are stem cell's?
A cell that is undifferentiated (unspecialised) and can give rise to specialised cells
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How to stem cells divide?
Mitosis
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What is differentiation?
This is the process by which stem cells become specialised
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In Humans, where are stem cells found?
The embryo
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What is potency?
The ability for a stem cell to differentiate into specialised cells
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Name the 2 types of potency?
-Totipotency
-Pluripotency
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What is totipoteny?
The ability to produce all cell types, including specialised and extraembryonic
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What is Pluripotency?
The ability for stem cells to only produce specialised cells
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Where are stem cells found in plants
v
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What is a cells Gnome?
Its entire set of DNA including all the genes it contains
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Describe how a cell becomes specialised?
1- stem cells contain all genes, some are active others are inactive
2-mRNA only translates the active ones into proteins
3-These proteins modify the cell determining its structure and control cell processes
4-these modifications cause the cell to become
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Explain the difference between Totipotent stem cells and pluripotency?(3)
-Totipotent stem cells produce all cells, specialised and extraembryonic
whereas
-Pluripotent produce only specialised cells
because
-The gene for the extraembryonic cells has been deactivated
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What else can control gene expression?
altering the rate of transcription
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what are the name of factors that increase transcription rate?
Activators
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What are the name of factors that decrease transcription rate?
Repressors
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What do activators do?
They help RNA polymerase bind to DNA to start transcription
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How to stem cells divide?

Back

Mitosis

Card 3

Front

What is differentiation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

In Humans, where are stem cells found?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is potency?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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