Pre-Napoleonic Italy:

Italy had changed from its ravishing control during the renaissance and the Roman Empire to being controlled by foreign influences

• Piedmont was ruled by the House of Savoy from the capital of Turin. In 1720, Duke of Savoy had gained Sadinia and combined both Sardinia and Piedmont calling it Kingdom of Sardinia or Sardinia-Piedmont
• Lombardy was owned by locals who were associated with the Austrian Empire or who were supported by the Austrian army. Lombardy was very advanced compared to the rest of Italy…