Significance of...? Questions:

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  • Created by: Abigail
  • Created on: 12-11-13 18:47

Garibaldi:

  • pre-1860, Garibaldi had joined Young Italy with Mazzini, after becoming a Nationalist. He failed in an attempted revolution and sentenced to death in his absence
  • after living in South America for years he finally returned to Italy in 1848 to help with Roman Republic but that was also crushed by the French in 1849 (same year as it was set up) but again fled with 5000 men and his wife
  • came back in 1859 to support Victor Emmanuel II
  • heard that his birthplace - Nice - was being given to France, which he was strongly against so he worked on an expedition to recover the city; involved blowing up ballet boxes (which would carry out the voting on whether Nice should remaind in France)
  • Garibaldi arrived in Sicily May 11 to join revolutionaries - the British navy wrongly thought that Garibaldi was under British protection so they withheld attacks
  • he dictated Sicily for a short while: abolished the grinding tax on corn
  • it was here that he managed to defeat the Neapolitan army at Battle of Calatafimi 15th May 1860 - allowing him to take Sicily's capital city
  • Garibaldi then turned his attention to Naples, with help again from the British navy
  • given a heros welcome since the revolutionaries had declared themselves in Garibaldi's favour
  • after two more Battles: Castelfidaro and Volturno (18th September 1860 and 26th October) Garibaldi handed over his conquests over to Victor Emmanuel II 26th October 1860

Cavour:

  • took a keen interest in British industry, especially their railway
  • worked for Charles Albert for a while, became a soldier - had a reputation for being rebellious
  • when Albert released press censorship, Cavour published Il Risorgmento, announced ideas
  • became Minister of Agriculture, Trade and Navy - created trade treaties with France, Britain in 1850
  • became Minister of Finance where he gained a loan from the government to built a railway. Elected minister in 1851
  • in 1852 he became Prime Minister, between the period of 1850-59 he had increased trade by 300%, and by 1860 1/3 of Italy was covered by railway
  • he had poor knowledge when it came to foreign affairs
  •  Victor Emmanuel II persuaded Cavour to join in with the Crimean War 1854-6 which resulted in Cavour gaining a seat at the peace conference among great powers, one such person was Louis Napoleon (III)
  • in 1858, the Plombieres meeting took place where it was discussed France would become Piedmont's army in an Austrian war
  • some of the terms included: in loan of the 200,000 French troops Piedmont would hand over Nice and Savoy, Napoleon III's cousin would marry Victor Emmanuel's teenage daughter
  • Austrian war = 1859 April 29th
  • he was the one who developed Piedmont politically and economically for unity - foreign, political and economic

Napoleon III:

  • nephew of Napoleon I
  • his family were exiled thanks to the Vienna Settlement
  • took part in various attempted seizures including Paris and Rome…

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