Psychology Revision

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

A closed question is a question that gives out quantitative analysis.

It is a one word answer

e.g. In the holidays what did you do more of?

A - see friends
B - work
C - play on games console

etc
Strength: Less time consuming
Weakness: Could force respondents to choose an answer that does not reflect their opinion correctly.

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

An Open Question gives out qualitative analysis

It allows the person answering the questions to give details in their answers.

E.g. What would you change about the way that the country is run?

Strengths: Gives the respondents chance to write their own opinion and could provide new issues that were not considered beforehand

Weaknesses: Harder to record responses due to the amount of information that could be given

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

A leading question is one which attempts to guide the respondent's answer.

e.g. in Loftus and Palmers EWT study the leading question in one case was "How fast were the cars travelling when they smashed/contacted/collided/bumped/hit into eachother?" the 2nd leading question was "did you see any broken glass" when there was none.

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

The 'Likert scale' is a common interval-based multiple-choice style of question used in questionnaires

for example - On a scale of 1-10 (1 being the lowest 10 being the highest) how good do you think 3D films are?

Adv: Easy to analyse, easy to collect data

Disadv: may answer according to what they feel is expected of them as participants

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

Is where respondents answer question in a way they think the questioner wants them to answer and not giving their true opinion.

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

Is when respondents answer the questions or act in a way that will be socially favourable.

e.g. "Do you use drugs/illicit substances?" - the socially favourable answer would be that drugs are not used yet that might not reflect what is true.

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

Forced choice questions are questions where the answers are already set out for you and you have to pick
e.g. in a survey when you are asked about "do you think underage drinking should have a higher punishment?" answers: strongly agree, agree, dont know, disagree, strongly disagree.

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

Deals with descriptions.

Data can be observed but not measured.

Colors, textures, smells, tastes, appearance, beauty, etc.

Qualitative → Quality

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

Deals with numbers.

Data which can be measured.

Length, height, area, volume, weight, speed, time, temperature, humidity, sound levels, cost, members, ages, etc.

Quantitative → Quantity 

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)

(Self report - Questionnaires and Interviews)