Frameworks

Figurative Language

Symbols:

Symbols are images, ideas, sounds or words that represent something else and help to understand an idea or a thing.

Motifs:

Motif is an object or idea that repeats itself throughout a literary work.

Figurative Language

Where a metaphor runs throughout the piece.

Example:

“All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players;

They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts.” - William Shakespeare, 'As You Like It'

Figurative Language

Techniques in which a writer ascribes human traits, ambitions, emotions or entire behavior to animals, non-human beings, natural phenomena or objects.

Anthropomorphism is the more sophisticated term for zoomorphism.

Figurative Language

Words that sound like they are said.

Example:

"Bang", "Boom", "Buzz"

These are often used on their own in minor sentences, or are used as a way to describe a sound to the reader. Depending on the sound, onomatopoeia can be used to surprise or create suspence, as well as other effects.

Figurative Language

When multiple words start with the same letter.

Example:

"But a better butter makes a batter better."

Here there is alliteration because of the repetition of the B

Figurative Language

When multiple words start with the same letter.

Example:

"But a better butter makes a batter better."

Here there is alliteration because of the repetition of the B

Word Classes

Pre-modifyers:

Adjective or adverb before the noun or verb ("The calm sea")

Post-modifyers:

Adjective or adverbs after the noun or verb ("The sea was calm")

Word Classes

Adjectives:

Words that describe nouns.

Adverbs:

Words that describe verbs.

Example:

"The deep sea was calmly lying still."

Figurative Language

When describing something as being like something else.

Example:

"The moons reflection on the sea looked like diamonds"

Unlike a metaphor, you identify that something is like something, rather than it being something it isn't.

Similes can be mostly be identified by "like" or "as". (like something or as ___ as something)

Figurative Language

When three words are used together to describe something

Example:

"The deep, blue, shiney sea was lying still"

This is an example of a list of three adjective describing a noun. 

In a sentence: "the tripling of the adjectives "deep, blue, shiney" creates....."

Figurative Language

When describing something as if it is something else.

Example:

"The sea was covered in diamonds."

The sea is not literally covered in diamonds but this is a way to describe the shine and sparkle on the sea's surface.

Figurative Language

Personifaction is when a non-human object is described in a human way.

Example:

"The sea was dancing"

Personification is a bit like a metaphor, but refers to human actions by a non-human noun.

Word Classes

Noun:

A name of an object, place, person etc.

Verb:

An action.

Example:

"The sea was lying still."

Word Classes

Indefinate;

• A
• An

Definate:

• The

Demonstratives:

• This
• That
• These
• Those

Word Classes

• a few
• a little
• much
• many
• a lot of
• most
• some
• any
• enough

High Frequency:

Words that would be used in informal conversation/situations.

Means lexis that is used often.

Low Frequency:

Words that would not be typical in informal conversation/situations.

Means lexis that is not often used.

Lexis used which shows knowledge on a specific subject.

For Example:

• A car mechanic will used car specific lexis 
• A chef will use terms that will only be understood by other chefs

Jargon is just the same but a more colloquial term.

Monosyllabic

Words with one syllable

Polysyllabic

Words with multiple syllables

Sentence Functions

Imperative:

A command that is given

Declarative:

A statement

Sentence Funtions

Exclamative:

A word or sentence that denotes an exclamation

Interrogative:

A question (to gather information)

Sentence Types:

Simple:

A single clause

Compound:

Two clauses that make sense on their own.

Sentence Types:

Complex:

Sentence containing a subordinate clause or multiple clauses

Minor:

A sentence which does not necessarily contain a verb