SEE: Regeneration: 4.A1B

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  • Specific exam focus: 4.A1B: Classifications of economies
    • There are differences in economic activity
      • This can be measured by
        • Employment data
        • Output data
      • Case Study: UK
        • Two main economic changes in the UK
          • Decline of primary and secondary sectors
            • Primary: down by 45% between 1980 and 2015
            • Seconday: down by 43% between 1980 and 2015
          • Growth of quaternary and tertiary sectors
            • Tertiary: up by 49% between 1980-2015
            • Quaternary: up by 113% between 1980-2015
    • This difference in economic activity is reflected in various social factors
      • Health
        • 2011 census showed that more deprived areas (on lower incomes) reported their health as 'not good' more
        • Deprived areas often have more work in primary/secondary industries, which can be more physically demanding
      • Life expectancy
        • There is a six year differenc e of life expectancy between highest and lowest income gaps
        • These variations could be due to social (lifestyle choices), economic (job type), and locational (NHS postcode lottery) factors
        • 80 for London males, 79 for Sheffield males
      • Education
        • London has highest GCSE attainment (25% getting A*s compared to 17.6% in Yorkshire)
        • Those with highest education likely to move to places like London, then their children are likely to do well at school (because of tutors e.g.)
    • Regional variations in income
      • London has the highest average income, 55% of jobs in highest income
        • It is the capital city, so has many senior positions in companies/government
        • Big knowledge based economy, particularly in the Docklands
      • Yorkshire only has 41% of jobs in the highest income

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