Explain how far Napoleonic rule had brought about equality within French society by 1815?
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- Created on: 16-04-15 19:23
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- Explain how far Napoleonic rule had brought about equality within French society by 1815?
- no, it had not
- society
- reintroduction of titles and honours system, created Legion of Honour in 1802 which gave out titles, land and money
- majority of recipients were from nobility
- 200 peoples titles made hereditary
- created his own new system of hierarchy based on loyalty
- own title made hereditary, passed to sons
- not meritocracy
- reintroduction of titles and honours system, created Legion of Honour in 1802 which gave out titles, land and money
- politics
- still corruption, Lucien (brother) doubled 'yes' vote in 1800, adding 500,000 votes for army
- those in power used it to alter voting, not fair system, 6 million voters power diminished by corruption
- education
- only sons of Notables got good education in military schools
- ordinary people got moral education which trained obedience
- girls did not get good education
- could pay for private church school education
- showed system was still based on hierarchy
- workers
- forced to have books (livrets) which had to be presented to employers and stopped workers from traveling without employers permission
- gave employers power over workers and created a new lower class with little power, reverting back to ancien regime
- law
- new laws under Code Napoleon which gave power to fathers and males over females
- no equality for women
- society
- yes, it had
- meritocracy
- careers open to talent and promotion by merit, e.g. army
- meant anyone could in theory become powerful, despite birth, everyone equal
- education
- increased educational provision, state schools for all
- first time education had been for all, despite birth
- economy
- fairer taxation introduced, all taxes collected went to Central Treasury, where carefully monitored and checked income and expenditure
- more equal than previous system, Ancient regime (only 3rd estate) and Revolutionary governments (corruption and inefficient systems)
- religion
- religious toleration, state salaries paid to all religious leader, Rabi, protestant ministers etc.
- catholics persecuted under Revolutionary governments, September Massacres 150 priests in the convent of Carmelites massacred by sans-culottes.
- this system brought equality
- politics
- people were involved, universal male suffrage, 6 million voters, plebiscites in 1800, 1802 and 1804
- first time everyone could vote, not just landowners or nobility
- society
- no re-establishment of hierarchy based on birth
- hierarchy was a concept of absolutism and ancient regime, under which people not equal
- no hierarchy meant all citizens equal
- no re-establishment of hierarchy based on birth
- meritocracy
- conclusion: had the appearance of equality, but in reality and was more equal at start, however soon progressed into regime similar to old one
- however, still more equal than ancien regime
- considering women's equality may not apply as women rights not viewed the same in Napoleonic era as modern day view
- no, it had not
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