Sociology Ethnic differences in education

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  • Created by: Kathryn
  • Created on: 28-04-13 17:11
Define the cultural deprivation theory in relation to different ethnic groups achievement in education
A group of sociologists who argue that it is the ethnic groups norms, values, attitudes and skills that cause certain groups to fail.
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Define teacher racism.
The belief of some researchers that white teachers are racist/prejudiced against ethnic minority students.
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Define ethnocentric curriculum.
It describes an attitude or policy that gives priority to the culture or viewpoint of one ethnic group e.g. Textbooks only talk about white British history.
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Define an interaction sociologist.
These sociologists study small scale groups and closely observe how people behave towards each other.
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What is meant by a colour blind teacher?
Heidi Mirza (1992) - some teachers think all students are equal, BUT, they don't challenge racism.
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What is meant by a liberal chauvenist teachers?
Heidi Mirza (1992) - Blame black students for being culturally deprived.
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What is meant by an overt racist teachers?
Heidi Mirza (1992) - believe black students are inferior.
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What's institutional racism?
The belief by some researchers that schools are racist in how they function
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What's an anti-school subculture?
The rejection of norms and values of the school and their replacement with anti-school norms and values.
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What's selection?
Where students are chosen due to attend a school due to a particular talent. E.g- music or intelligence -schools can choose 10% of their pupils this way.
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What's segregation?
Where students are kept apart due to ability.
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What's ethnography?
A research method based on direct observations of small groups, often for long periods of time.
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What is the evidence that different ethnic groups achieve differently educationally?
Major inequalities: Chinese girls-highest F=85%M=75% white= F:60% M:50% Black =M:40% f:55% Bangladeshi= M:50% F:61% Pakistani: M:45% F:58% Indian= F:75% M:70%
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What are the conclusions we can draw from the results?
1) Girls still do better than boys 2) Bangladeshi students improved the most 3)White students, especially boys,could soon be achieving the lowest
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What are the two main factors causing the differences in achievement?
1) Internal factors: factors in school= labelling, pupil/teacher interactions 2)External factors=Influence of family and wider society.
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What are the three main explanations for differences in educational achievement?
1) Cultural deprivation 2) Material deprivation 3)Racism in wider society
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What are 3 main factors to do with cultural deprivation?
1)intellectual and linguistic skills 2)attitudes and values 3)Family structure and parental support
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What are the main ideas about intellectual and linguistic skills?
That children from low income black families tend to lack intellectual stimulation -they don't develop reasoning and problem solving.
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What did Gordon Bowker (1968) find about language?
Language spoken by black American families is inadequate for educational success.
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However, what was Gilborn and Mirza (2000) counter argument?
Indian families use different languages at home BUT this doesn't affect their educational achievement
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What's the main ideas about attitudes and values by some cultural deprivation theorists?
Some say that black culture promoted a fatalistic, 'live for today' attitude that rejects education.
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What's the main idea about family structures and parental support?
Dysfunctional families result in poor educational achievement.
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Who are the main theorists for family structure and parental support and what were their findings?
Charles Murray (1984) of the new right: Large amounts of lone parents in black fams and lack of male role models-causes difficulties. Anthony Flew (1989) -It's not racist teachers or schools,but poor cultural background.
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Which two ethnic groups are the main studies by cultural deprivations lists based upon?
1)Asian families 2)White W/C families
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Who's the main theorist for Asian families?
Driver and Ballard (1981) - respect, higher aspirations lend educational benefits.
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Who are the main theorists for white W/C families?
Sutton Trust (2004) found:80% of 11-16 ethnic minority students want to go to uni-68% of white W/C students did. Lupton(2009) study:4 schools in London-'white schools' seen as the worst. Ethnic parents-saw education as a way up in society
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What are the main criticisms of the cultural deprivation theory?
Geoffrey Driver(1977) -ethnicity can have a positive affect-black families have strong female role models. It is caused by material, not cultural deprivation.
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What do material deprivationslist theories say about the cause of educational achievement?
Due to material deprivation and poverty- ethnic minorities are more likely to be poor.
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Who is main theorists for material deprivation?
1) Flaherty (2004) - Pakistanis and bangladeshis are X3 more likely than whites to be poor. 2)Pakistanis and Africans X3 more likely to be unemployed 3)15% of ethnic minority families live in overcrowded houses-->2% for white families4)+likely FSM
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Who's the other main theorist for material deprivation who counters Flaherty's argument?
Gilborn and Mirza- ethnicity still has an affect-even middle class white children do better than middle class black children.
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What do some sociologists say is the main reason for poverty?
Poverty is due to society's racism.
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Who's the main theorist for employment and discrimination?
Mike Noon (1993) Study: sent letters to companies under the names EVANS and PATEL Findings: More and better replies to the Evan's letters.
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What are the 5 internal factors contributing to ethnic diffs in education?
1)Labelling and teacher racism 2) Pupil responses and subcultures 3) Ethnocentric curriculum 4) Institutional racism 5) Selection and segregation
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What is the main study tackling the impact of labelling on black pupils?
Jenny Bourne (1994) - schools see black boys as threats and label them negatively: leading to exclusion.
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What's the other main ethnic group that sociologists have discovered suffer from negative labelling?
Cecile Wright (1992) - Teachers are ethnocentric-see English culture/language as superior. Spoke simplistically to Asian students. pupils felt isolated. Not seen as a threat but could be ignored.
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Card 2

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Define teacher racism.

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The belief of some researchers that white teachers are racist/prejudiced against ethnic minority students.

Card 3

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Define ethnocentric curriculum.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

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Define an interaction sociologist.

Back

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Card 5

Front

What is meant by a colour blind teacher?

Back

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