Periodic 'blip'in the usual global climatic characteristics caused by a short-term reduction in the intensity of the cold ocean current that normally exists off the west coast of South America. It results in unusual patterns of temperature + rain in*
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Glacial Period
Period of ice advance associated with falling temperatures
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Interglacial Period
Period of ice retreat associated with rising temperatures
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Ice Sheet
Large body of ice over 50,000km2 in extent
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Ice Cap
Smaller body of ice (less than 50,000km2) usually found in mountainous regions
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Glacier
Finger of ice usually extended downhill from an ice cap and occupying a valley
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Accumulation
Inputs to the glacial budget, such as snowfall and avalanches
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Ablation
Outputs from the glacial budget, such as melting
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Snout
Front of the glacier
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Glacial Budget
Balance between the inputs (accumulation) and outputs (ablation) of a glacier
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Abrasion
Process of erosion involving the wearing away of the valley floor and sides (glaciers) and the shorelines (coastal zones)
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Plucking
Process of glacial erosion where individual rocks are plucked from the valley floor or sides as water freezes them to the glacier
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Rotational Slip
Slippage of ice along a curved surface
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Moraine
Sediment carried and deposited by the ice
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Bulldozing
Pushing of deposited sediment at the snout by a glacier as it advances
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Hummock
Small area of raised ground, rather like a large molehhill
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Corrie
Deep depression on a hillside with a steep back wall, often containing a lake
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Arrete
Knife-edged ridge, often formed between 2 corries
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Pyramidal Peak
Sharp-edged mountain peak
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Glacial Trough
Wide, steep sided valley eroded by a glacier
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Truncated Spur
Eroded interlocking spur characterised by having a very steep cliff
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Hanging Valley
Tributary glacial trough perched up on the side of a main valley, often marked by a waterfall
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Ribbon Lake
Long narrow lake in the bottom of a glacial trough
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Long Profile
This shows the changes in height and shape along the length of a glacier, from in its source high in the mountains to its snout
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Lateral Moraine
Ridge of frost-shattered sediment running along the edge of a glacier where it meets the valley side
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Medial Moraine
Ridge of sediment running down the centre of a glacier formed when 2 lateral moraines merge
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Terminal Moraine
High ridge running across the valley representing the maximum advance of a glacier
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Drumlin
Egg-shaped hill found on the floor of a glacial trough
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Responsible Tourism
Idea of encouraging a balance between the demands of tourism and the need to protect the environment
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Sustainable Management
Form of management that ensures that developments are long lasting and non-harmful to the environment
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Fragile Environment
Environment that is easily unbalanced and damaged by natural and human factors
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Avalanche
Rapid downhill movement of a mass of snow, ice and rocks, usually in a mountainous environment
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Loose Snow Avalanche
Powdery avalanche usually originating from a single point
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Slab Avalanche
Large-scale avalanche formed when a slab of ice and and snow breaks away from the main ice pack
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Period of ice advance associated with falling temperatures
Back
Glacial Period
Card 3
Front
Period of ice retreat associated with rising temperatures
Back
Card 4
Front
Large body of ice over 50,000km2 in extent
Back
Card 5
Front
Smaller body of ice (less than 50,000km2) usually found in mountainous regions
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