Information processing theory

Dudai (2011)

Information is stored and retrieved piece by piece and moves amongst the three memory stores during encoding, storage and retrieval.

sensory memory (encodes) - working memory (encodes) - long term memory 

purposes:

sensory memory - holds sensory information

working memory - holds information temporarily

long term memory - relatively permanent storage

In order to encode information it has to be organised to be stored permanently.

Phonological encoding - sound

Visual encoding - how the information looks

Semantic encoding - meaning of information

Effortful encoding:

meaning - remember better if we understand information

elaboration - more elaboration and personally relevant the better we remember it

mnemonic - techniques that are used to increase meaningfulness

Encoding failure:

we never learnt the information in the first place

Storage failure:

biological problem

Retrieval failure:

information has been learnt and stored however we cannot get it out of our brains