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Advantages
- First models - MSM was one of the first models of memory to provide a systematic account of the structures and processes that make up memory. It has been an influential model and has lead to the development of other more sophisticated theories such as the working memory model.
- Supporting evidence - Glanzer and Cunitz (1966) found evidence that there are seperate memory stores (short term/long term). They found that participants recalled more words from the beginning (the primacy effect) and the end of a list of words (the recency effect). This suggests that the earlier words in the list had been transferred to long term memory and that words later in the list were still in short term memory.
- Supporting evidence - Clive Wearing - Supports the multi store model as his short term memory had been left largely intact but he could not transfer new memories from short term memory to long term memory therefore he can not make new memories but he remembers the past.
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Disadvantages
- Simplistic - there are models which explain memory in a more detailed way, for example, Levels of Processing.
- Challenging evidence - Clive Wearing - Although this supports the MSM, Clive played the piano which he improved with practiceeven after he damaged his short term memory. This type of memory is called procedural memory. Many psychologists now argue that there are more than one type of long term memory store which the multi store model does not take into account.
- Challenging evidence - K.F. - Despite having a damaged short term memory(capacity in STM was nearly zero), he was still able to form new long term memories. As the MSM states short term memory is the gateway to long term memory his long term memory should have been severely impaired. This suggests that there is another way to access long term memory other than the MSM suggests.
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