Leapfrogging and advantages/disadvantages

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  • Created by: Anoush
  • Created on: 03-02-16 09:35
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  • Leapfrogging examples
    • GM crops
      • Benefits/reasons for leapfrogging to this:
        • Some in the Biotech industry argue that to 'fight hunger, fight poverty, and save the planet' can only be achieved by GM crops.
          • Bangalore's economy is driven by knowledge-based industries like ICT and India could be a leader in this field.
            • Brazil engineered beans that are virus-resistant. Will benefit millions of poor farmers.
              • Don't rely on US/EU multinational companies.
                • Given climate instability we have to make adaptive plants
              • Scientists in the biotech industry argue that GM development could see:
                • higher-yielding crops, fat-free chips and alter comp. of fruit/veg= tackle cancer/heart disease.
      • Disadvantages/problems with leapfrogging
        • Greenpeace and Organic Consumer Association have actively campaigned against GM crops as they believe the long-term effects on humans and environment haven't been fully tested.
          • Monsanto, notorious US agricultural biotech corporation, accused of releasing unsafe crops and patenting GM chemicals.
            • All innovation is blocked as start-up companies can't find the money to develop their projects
              • As gov's are against GM crops so financial world won't see any profit in investment.
                • GM crops usually require herbicides to develop fully which has - effects on other crops. i.e. Golden Rice development poisoned rice paddy waters and killed fish.
      • In August 2007, in Verdun Sur Garonne, south-west France.
        • There was a clash of ideologies with a confrontation between 2 diff. approaches to agriculture.
          • The FNSEA, French Farmers Union, support a scientific +highly productive approach to agriculture
            • But, the GM protestors support a traditional, small-scale, GM-free approach.
    • Solar Panels i.e. Morocco, India
      • Look in book
      • India's barefoot solar engineers
        • The Barefoot College, an NGOin Rajasthan covers 27000m2 and is powered completely by solar energy
          • The energy is used to run fans, pump water and operate 20 computers
            • It trains mostly women, some of the poorest in India to build, operate and maintain their own solar power systems.
              • 500+ are trained each year to assemble, install and maintain solar tech
                • The skills of the Barefoot graduates serve 100+villages and 100000+ people
                  • Develop solar energy systems in area where electricity supply is non-existent/unreliable.
                    • Most engineers are illiterate/semi-illiterate but have skills that're transforming the lives of the rural poor in India
                      • Empowered women-giving them employment + freeing them from the constant need to search for fuel-wood, reducing health and enviro.hazards of burning wood fires.
    • Water Treatment
      • Look in book
    • Nobile phones(i.e. Mpesa)
      • Look in book

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