Key concepts

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  • Created by: Bethan
  • Created on: 21-05-14 14:07
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  • Key concepts
    • Audience
      • Demographics
        • Age
        • Gender
        • Socio economic
        • Religion
        • Class
      • Psychographics
        • Mainstreamer
        • Reformer
        • Explorer
        • aspirer
        • Succeder
        • struggler
        • Free spirit
        • Nesters
        • Funseekers
        • Leaders
        • Followers
        • Rebels
      • Uses and Gratifications
        • Information
        • Personal identity
        • Social interaction
        • Entertainment
      • Richard Dyer proposed that media texts appealed to audiences by making up for some of the deficiencies of modern life
        • Community – real communities are breaking down, so the media create imagined communities 
        • Intensity – most people’s lives consist of routine, such as going to work or college, raising families 
        • Abundance – people can drop whatever they’re doing and pursue adventures without any apparent financial cares-love to see exotic locations and lifestyles that contrast with our own.  
        • Transparency – in most narratives, motives are laid clear and, unlike in real life, all the answers are (usually) provided.
        • The daily routines of most people’s lives are tiring.  Media texts with a lively and bright/ colourful layout can be said to have energy.
    • Institution
      • 7 features that shape media institutions
        • Finance
        • Production practices
        • Technology
        • Legislations
        • Circulation
        • Audience construction
        • Audience Use
      • Ideologies
        • clear ideology (ideas or belief)
        • Political bias
          • Left wing (liberal)
            • support pro-community ideas, the welfare state, pro-immigration attitude
          • Right wing (conservative
      • Synergy
        • when two corporations work together for their advantage
      • Brand image
        • producer may have a specific brand image that it wants to maintain
        • institutions may have high production values  whereas some makers of low-budget horror have famously low production values
        • Commercial television, where the content is funded by advertisers and commercial breaks; commercial sponsorship  or product placement
        • Public Service Broadcasters, like the BBC, are funded through public donations or obligatory charges
      • Regulatory bodies
        • OfCom (the Office of Communicati ons) are responsible for regulating the broadcast industry. 
        • Most of the main television channels, for example, have a remit as a Public Service Broadcaster (PBS).  This means that they have to perform certain duties, such as informing and educating the public and catering for children
    • Representation
      • Relationship between reality and the representation
        • The reflective view suggests that the media is exposing the truth of the matter,
        • intentional view suggests the representation will have an intended meaning
        • constructionist view sees a representation as never being the truth and investigates some of the influences that the processes of production has over the representation.
      • Stereotypes
        • Some texts will use stereotypes to simplify the narrative (e.g. the villain is completely unsympathetic), or to poke fun at people  school nerd).
        • A text could conform to (support) social stereotypes, for example, that women always look after the home and children.
        • Text can also subvert (go against) these stereotypes, for example presenting women as strong, independent and powerful
      • Social and political influence
        • The ideology (or business plans) of the institution can also affect representation
        • Political parties or leaders can be represented in positive or negative ways, depending on the political bias of the institution.
        • Due to Globalisation, western texts are dominating the world market.  As a result, western representations have more influence in the world.
      • Verimisilitude
      • Media products are intentionally:
        • Cropped
        • Branded
        • Self censored
        • Written
  • Media forms
    • Key concepts
      • Audience
        • Demographics
          • Age
          • Gender
          • Socio economic
          • Religion
          • Class
        • Psychographics
          • Mainstreamer
          • Reformer
          • Explorer
          • aspirer
          • Succeder
          • struggler
          • Free spirit
          • Nesters
          • Funseekers
          • Leaders
          • Followers
          • Rebels
        • Uses and Gratifications
          • Information
          • Personal identity
          • Social interaction
          • Entertainment
        • Richard Dyer proposed that media texts appealed to audiences by making up for some of the deficiencies of modern life
          • Community – real communities are breaking down, so the media create imagined communities 
          • Intensity – most people’s lives consist of routine, such as going to work or college, raising families 
          • Abundance – people can drop whatever they’re doing and pursue adventures without any apparent financial cares-love to see exotic locations and lifestyles that contrast with our own.  
          • Transparency – in most narratives, motives are laid clear and, unlike in real life, all the answers are (usually) provided.
          • The daily routines of most people’s lives are tiring.  Media texts with a lively and bright/ colourful layout can be said to have energy.
      • Institution
        • 7 features that shape media institutions
          • Finance
          • Production practices
          • Technology
          • Legislations
          • Circulation
          • Audience construction
          • Audience Use
        • Ideologies
          • clear ideology (ideas or belief)
          • Political bias
            • Left wing (liberal)
              • support pro-community ideas, the welfare state, pro-immigration attitude
            • Right wing (conservative
        • Synergy
          • when two corporations work together for their advantage
        • Brand image
          • producer may have a specific brand image that it wants to maintain
          • institutions may have high production values  whereas some makers of low-budget horror have famously low production values
          • Commercial television, where the content is funded by advertisers and commercial breaks; commercial sponsorship  or product placement
          • Public Service Broadcasters, like the BBC, are funded through public donations or obligatory charges
        • Regulatory bodies
          • OfCom (the Office of Communicati ons) are responsible for regulating the broadcast industry. 
          • Most of the main television channels, for example, have a remit as a Public Service Broadcaster (PBS).  This means that they have to perform certain duties, such as informing and educating the public and catering for children
      • Representation
        • Relationship between reality and the representation
          • The reflective view suggests that the media is exposing the truth of the matter,
          • intentional view suggests the representation will have an intended meaning
          • constructionist view sees a representation as never being the truth and investigates some of the influences that the processes of production has over the representation.
        • Stereotypes
          • Some texts will use stereotypes to simplify the narrative (e.g. the villain is completely unsympathetic), or to poke fun at people  school nerd).
          • A text could conform to (support) social stereotypes, for example, that women always look after the home and children.
          • Text can also subvert (go against) these stereotypes, for example presenting women as strong, independent and powerful
        • Social and political influence
          • The ideology (or business plans) of the institution can also affect representation
          • Political parties or leaders can be represented in positive or negative ways, depending on the political bias of the institution.
          • Due to Globalisation, western texts are dominating the world market.  As a result, western representations have more influence in the world.
        • Verimisilitude
        • Media products are intentionally:
          • Cropped
          • Branded
          • Self censored
          • Written
    • Mise en scene
    • Lighting
      • Low key
        • key light and reflector
          • Horror
      • High key
        • Comedy
      • three-point lighting uses a key light, a fill light, and a back light for illumination
    • Sound
      • Diagetic
      • non diagetic
      • Ambient sound
      • Soundtrack
      • Mise en scene
    • Camera Angles
      • High (establ ishing shot)
      • Low
      • Birseye
      • Wormeye
      • Panning
    • Camera shots
      • Over the shoulder
      • Tracking
      • Point of view
      • Medium close up
      • Close up
      • Long shot
    • editing
      • Pace of editing
      • Cross cut editing
    • Genre
      • Horror
      • Comedy
      • romance
      • hybrids
    • Narrative
      • Enigma codes
        • Used to intrigue the viewer
      • Retardation
        • Holding back key information
      • Elipsis
        • editing out the boring bits
      • Propps theory
        • villan
        • Donor
        • Dispacher
        • Helper
        • Princess
        • Hero
      • Todorov's theory
        • Equilibrium
          • Calm
        • Disequilibrium
          • Disruption and unbalance
        • New Equilibrium
          • new balance/ calm state

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