D.E.A

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  • D.E.A. Differential educational achievement
    • Class
      • Material deprivation
        • Lack of money to buy equipment needed to fuel a successful education (£1,614)
          • Books
          • Internet
          • Restrictions on movement around catchment areas
          • Uniform/school trips = bullying/isolation = ANTI SCHOOL
        • SMITH AND NOBLE
      • Homes fit for learning
    • Cultural deprivation
    • Linguistic deprivation
      • Working class children are likely to use limited vocabulary which doesn't match the middle class school system = left behind
        • BERNSTEIN LANGUAGE CODES
          • Elaborated
          • Restricted
    • Cultural capital
      • Bourdeiu
      • School is a middle cass institution run by midde class people which puts middle class children at an advantage & working class at a disadvantage
      • Middle class bias
        • Compensatory education = teachers will treat deprived pupils more favourably to and compensate for their deprivation
      • Ball et al
        • Middle class parents use their cultural capital to play the system and get their children into the best schools
      • Culture clash
        • Illich = Deschooling
        • Education = exam factory
    • Labelling theory suggests that pupils are judged on their gender, ethnicity or class
      • BECKER
        • "Ideal pupil"
          • Middle class standard of behaviour
            • Hard working/neat work and uniform
          • Halo effect = get away with deviant behaviour due to their positive label
      • Self furfillng prophecy
        • Teacher label expectations are ultimately the outcome of pupils achievement
          • Rist = kintergarden labelling
            • Tigers = fast learners seated at the front of the class, given challenging work and more attention from the teachers
            • Clowns = lower ability pupils seated at the back of the class, given lower level work and given less attention from the teachers
            • Can both lead to the self furling prophecy
        • Hidden curriculum
          • Ethnocentric curriculum
        • Rosenthal and Jacobson
          • Fabricated IQ tests to study labelling within the classroom.
            • Results: students who were labelled more able DID actually achieve better results
    • Gender
      • Girls perform better than boys (since 1990's)
        • Why?
          • Economy has moved from traditional labour to the service sector (MAC AN GHAILL)
            • Crisis of masculinity = leaves boys with a bleak future
              • Ladish behaviour = jeprodises educational achievement
          • Mothers are role models = career and economic independence are possible
          • SUE SHARP
          • Impact of feminism
            • Less sexism = Weiner
      • SUBJECT CHOICE
        • Feminists argue the education system is preparation for a male dominated work force COLLEY
        • Heaton and Lawson argue the hidden curriculum is the main cause of gender socialisation = leading to differentiated subject choice
        • SUE SHARP
        • Mitos & Browne argue the movement of feminism have raised expectations and therefore self esteem which leads to them fighting sexism = positive
    • Ethnicity
      • White working class boys failing
        • Material deprivation
        • Language codes
        • Family expectaions
      • Sewell = teachers are "afraid" of black pupils (due to negative socialisation)
      • Gillborn = "myth of the black challenge" - teachers missinterpritations lead to self furfilling prophecy
        • Connoly = underplayed black girls educational achievement and focused on their social behaviour
        • Wright = teachers lacked sensitivity towards Aisan culture (pronounced their name wrong, using simplistic language & assuming their English was not good

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