central control of the circulation
- Created by: Aimee
- Created on: 19-02-13 17:49
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- Central control of the circultaion
- Effectors
- the blood vessels
- Vasodilation
- Vasoconstriction
- the main effector vessels and maintain peripheral resistance
- resistance vessels are the smaller arteries and arterioles
- smooth muscle in walls
- Vessels are innervated by the sympathetic nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for blood supply to abdominal viscera and the pelvis
- Local mechanisms
- myogenic response (pressure inside the muscular artery stimulates smooth muscle to contract)
- metabolic factors (oxygen supply)
- local blood flow aided by potassium mediators, oxygen, adenosine
- Endothelium on the intima releases 'endothelin dilating factor'
- Heart
- heart rate
- Kidney
- fluid balance/salt and water retention
- the blood vessels
- Pathways
- central neural pathways
- medulla in the hind brain is the key centre for controlling circulation
- 'dorsal lateral region' in the medulla is a pressor region
- stimulation of the pressor region leads to vasoconstriction
- this region is tonically active with rhythmic activity/changes in respiration (Traube-Herring waves)
- Independent rhythm - Meyer waves
- another part of medulla: caudal and ventromedial/depressor region
- opposite effect of pressor region if stimulated
- Untitled
- peripheral neural pathways
- vascular refluxes
- humoral factors
- central neural pathways
- Effectors
- Effectors
- the blood vessels
- Vasodilation
- Vasoconstriction
- the main effector vessels and maintain peripheral resistance
- resistance vessels are the smaller arteries and arterioles
- smooth muscle in walls
- Vessels are innervated by the sympathetic nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for blood supply to abdominal viscera and the pelvis
- Local mechanisms
- myogenic response (pressure inside the muscular artery stimulates smooth muscle to contract)
- metabolic factors (oxygen supply)
- local blood flow aided by potassium mediators, oxygen, adenosine
- Endothelium on the intima releases 'endothelin dilating factor'
- Heart
- heart rate
- Kidney
- fluid balance/salt and water retention
- the blood vessels
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