Structure & Organisation of The Heart 0.0 / 5 ? NursingCardiovascular System UniversityOther Created by: ntygs19Created on: 11-03-20 15:36 The heart is situated between ? in the ? of the ? cavity The heart is situated between the lungs in the midline of the thoracic cavity 1 of 32 What is the top and bottom of the heart called? What are they formed of? Base = upper chambers, formed by left atria. Apex = pointed end, formed by the top of the left ventricle. 2 of 32 Name the 4 chambers of the heart. Left & Right Atria (upper chambers), and Left and Right Ventricles (lower chambers) 3 of 32 Name the 4 valves of the heart. 1. Pulmonary 2. Aortic 3. Bicuspid 4. Tricuspid 4 of 32 Where is the Pulmonary valve situated? Where is the Aortic valve situated? What is another name for the Aortic Valve? Pulmonary = between pulmonary trunk and right ventricle. Aortic = between Aorta and Left Ventricle. Left Aortoventricular Valve. 5 of 32 Where is are the Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves located? What is another name for the Bicuspid Valve? Bicuspid = Between left atrium and Left Ventricle. Tricuspid = Between right atrium and right ventricle. Right Aortoventricular Valve. 6 of 32 Why are the Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves called that? Bicuspid = 2 cusps, Tricuspid = 3 cusps. 7 of 32 Which valves open at the same time?? Why is this? Pulmonary & Aortic, then Bicuspid and Tricuspid. Keeps blood restricted to the ventricles. 8 of 32 What is the function of valves of the heart? Prevents blood from flowing backwards 9 of 32 Heart valves are composed of dense _ _ and covered by E Heart valves are composed of Dense Connective Tissue and covered by Endothelium 10 of 32 Valves open and close in response to changes in _ as the heart _ and _ Valves open and close in response to changes in pressure as the heart contracts and relaxes 11 of 32 Name the 4 Great Vessels of the Heart. 1. Vena Cava. 2. Aorta. 3. Pulmonary Artery 4. Pulmonary Veins 12 of 32 What does the Vena Cava do? RETURNS blood to the heart from the rest of the body 13 of 32 What does the Aorta do? Pumps blood AWAY from the heart to the rest of the body 14 of 32 What does the Pulmonary Artery do? Pumps blood to the LUNGS 15 of 32 What do Pulmonary Veins do? RETURN blood from the lungs back to the heart. 16 of 32 Name the 3 layers of the heart muscle in the heart wall? 1. Epicardium 2. Myocardium 3. Endocardium 17 of 32 What layer is the epicardium? Outer 18 of 32 What layer is the myocardium? Middle 19 of 32 What layer is the Endocardium? Inner 20 of 32 In what 2 ways is cardiac muscle specialised? 1. Full of mitochondria... energy. 2. Cardiac muscle cells are joined together. 21 of 32 What is the term used to describe the way cardiac muscle cells are joined togehter? What movement does this create? And what is this movement called? 1. Intercalated discs. 2. Wave moving across the muscle. 3. Waves of Contraction 22 of 32 What is the Pericardium? Fluid filled sac surrounding the heart 23 of 32 What are the 2 layers of pericardium? Which is internal and which is exernal? 1. Fibrous (external) 2. Serous (internal) 24 of 32 Fibrous Pericardium is rigid, tough connective tissue connecting the heart to the _? Diaphragm. 25 of 32 What are the 2 layers of Serous Pericardium? 1. Parietal 2. Visceral 26 of 32 Parietal Serous Pericardium lines what? The inner surface of fibrous pericardium 27 of 32 Visceral Serous Pericardium forms the outer layer of what? The outer layer of the Epicardium 28 of 32 What is between the 2 Serous layers of Pericardium? Pericardial cavity. 29 of 32 What does the pericardial cavity contain? What does this do? Contains serous fluid which lubricates the layers during cardiac contractions 30 of 32 What is Coronary Circulation? Flow of blood through the numerous vessels in the M_? Flow of blood through the numerous vessels in the Myocardium. 31 of 32 What are the principle coronary vessels? Left and Right Coronary Arteries 32 of 32
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