Reward & Addiction

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What is reward?
Subjective experience implying pleasure
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What is reinforcement
Objective measure to see if a stimulus drives a behavior
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Why do some addicts report feeling driven to take drugs although don't enjoy it?
Reinforcement provides the motivational drive, but doesn't imply pleasure
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Addicts often report that stimuli associated with drug taking initiate cravings, which animal study shows this?
conditioned induced cravings - repeated pairing of a light w/ food, the light will elicit lever pressing & D2 release
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how dos conditioned placed preference relate to addicts?
Exposure to a location which they associate with drug taking, even after many years of abstinence, can invoke strong cravings for the drug
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Antagonist therapy for addiction can often enhance drug-taking rather than decrease it. Which animal experiments that we looked at demonstrated this phenomenon?
Drug self-administration of coc > at low doses of antagonist, not all receptors are occupied, so the addicted drug can still access the receptors, increasing the amount of the addicted drug, increases the ‘competition’ for the receptors
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Although high doses of antagonist abolish lever pressing what problem can it cause?
A range of unwanted side-effects
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What psychological phenomenon is demonstrated by treating alcohol addiction with disulfiram?
Conditioned aversion/aversive conditioning - alcohol intake becomes associated with the adverse effects of the disulfiram (nausea, etc) and so the alcohol itself becomes aversive (strong dislike)
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Card 2

Front

What is reinforcement

Back

Objective measure to see if a stimulus drives a behavior

Card 3

Front

Why do some addicts report feeling driven to take drugs although don't enjoy it?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Addicts often report that stimuli associated with drug taking initiate cravings, which animal study shows this?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

how dos conditioned placed preference relate to addicts?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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