Addiction

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  • Created by: L.eve
  • Created on: 11-05-21 12:39
Describe the mesolimbic dopamine pathway
Two midbrain nuclei (substantia nigra & VTA), stimulating the MFB (medial fore brain) which activates DA reward circuit, DA antagonists block activity which reduces effects of MFB stimulation (reward feeling).
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What is the criteria for addiction in DSM/ICD?
Difficulty controlling use, withdrawal effects, neglect other interests, continued use despite side effects, craving.
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What is the definition of addiction?
Behavioural pattern of drug use, characterised by overwhelming involvement with the use of a drug, high tendency for relapse after withdrawal. Viewed as an extreme on a continuum of involvement with drug use.
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How doe addictive drugs work?
They affect DA neurons, they motivate behaviour as they are rewarding.
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Describe drug dependence
Physical- increased experience leads the drug to become less effective so they will need to take more to get same affect, failing to take the drug again will lead to withdrawal symptoms. Psychological- maintain pleasure state, negative reinforcement.
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What happens when a person gains tolerance to their drug use?
Decreased sensitivity, psychological & physiological effects, desensitisation of receptors, decreased dendritic branching.
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What are opiated and their effects as a drug?
They are derived from opium poppy, active compound is morphine, second active compound is codeine. Heroin is derived from morphine (opiates), effects: changes in mood, bowel disfunction, nausea/vomiting, analgesia. They stimulate DA neurons.
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What is cocaine & amphetamine and their effects as a drug?
Produce a mild elevation of mood, increased energy & alertness, they stimulate the mesolimbic pathway, stimulate release of dopamine, cocaine binds & inhibits DA transporter & increase extracellular DA. Amphetamine blocks reuptake & increases release of D
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What is nicotine and it's effects as a drug?
Stimulates VTA DA neurons of mesolimbic pathway & release DA, bind to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on DA neurons. Nicotinic agonists reduce reinforcing affects.
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What happens with food addiction?
Foods that are highly palatable are eaten even when were not hungry, overeating leads to energy requirements exceeded, increased stress exposure.
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Card 2

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What is the criteria for addiction in DSM/ICD?

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Difficulty controlling use, withdrawal effects, neglect other interests, continued use despite side effects, craving.

Card 3

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What is the definition of addiction?

Back

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Card 4

Front

How doe addictive drugs work?

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Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

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Describe drug dependence

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