Drug Addiction

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what are the 2 theories of drug addiction?
counteradaptation/opponent process theory, and incentive salience
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what is opponent process?
drug-opposite processes induce relapse by producing a hypofunctional state of reward pathways leading to dysphoria/anxiety during withdrawal - drug-seeking behaviour alleviates discomfort
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what is incentive salience?
progressive increase in drugs effect is conceptualised as shift in incentive salience - relapse triggered by drug-like processes that activate reward pathways in way similar to acute effect of drug themselves (drug wanting)
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what is escalation of drug use?
progressive increase in frequency and intensity of use
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who was the main theorist for counteradaptation/opponent-process theory?
koob and le moal (1996)
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explain drug withdrawal in opponent process theory?
motivational changes associated with acute drug withdrawal reflect opponent-process like changes in reward circuitry - activated by acute reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse
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what do traditional incentive-motivation theories suggest?
a single process mediates both the incentive value (how much wanted) and the hedonic value (how much liked) - if dont like wont want
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how have modern theories improved this theory?
split liking and wanting into 2 separate processes - drug addict like drug less but still want it
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role of PFC and anterior cingulate cortex in addicition?
stimulation of nmPFC blocks reinstatement, and GABA agonist into dACC blocks reinstatement
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status of mPFC in craving?
mPFC is hypoactive at rest in addicts - more cocaine you take the less active mPFC
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what is opponent process?

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drug-opposite processes induce relapse by producing a hypofunctional state of reward pathways leading to dysphoria/anxiety during withdrawal - drug-seeking behaviour alleviates discomfort

Card 3

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what is incentive salience?

Back

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Card 4

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what is escalation of drug use?

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Card 5

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who was the main theorist for counteradaptation/opponent-process theory?

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