Operant Conditioning STRENGTH- Pickens and Thompson (1968)
Used cocaine as a positive reinforcer and found it was effective, resulting in lever pressing + transferred learning.
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Operant Conditioning STRENGTH of the theory
Unlike classical conditioning it explains how behaviours develop + offers to alter behaviour through shaping.
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Operant Conditioning STRENGTH- Thorndike (1898)
Time for cats to let themselves out a box became shorter and shorter as they were being reinforced with food, demonstrating the existence of positive reinforcement.
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Operant Conditioning STRENGTH of Science
Theory is credible as the data is objective and careful controls are often used, making the theory more credible + scientific.
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Operant Conditioning WEAKNESS- Tolman and Homzik (1930)
Studied rats who ran through a maze to find food. If the route they learned was blocked, they simply went another route- suggesting cognitive mapping. Called Latent Learning and suggests cognitive elements in Operant Conditioning must be investigated
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Operant Conditioning WEAKNESS of the incompletedness
Cannot account for behaviours that develop as a result of observing others (SLT)
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Operant Conditioning WEAKNESS of animal studies
Many of these studies that support this theory were done on animals, who typically have much smaller prefrontal cortexes. Therefore, one cannot generalise these findings to humans.
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Operant Conditioning WEAKNESS of reductionism
May be destructively reductionist to the point that it neglects other facts (relating to 'normal activity') that may have had an effect.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Unlike classical conditioning it explains how behaviours develop + offers to alter behaviour through shaping.
Back
Operant Conditioning STRENGTH of the theory
Card 3
Front
Time for cats to let themselves out a box became shorter and shorter as they were being reinforced with food, demonstrating the existence of positive reinforcement.
Back
Card 4
Front
Theory is credible as the data is objective and careful controls are often used, making the theory more credible + scientific.
Back
Card 5
Front
Studied rats who ran through a maze to find food. If the route they learned was blocked, they simply went another route- suggesting cognitive mapping. Called Latent Learning and suggests cognitive elements in Operant Conditioning must be investigated
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