Nazi wartime

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  • Created by: mayacm456
  • Created on: 02-04-23 11:18
What wartime censorship was there?
-press censorship continued
-newspapers never mentioned Final Solution or Aktion T4
-Germans lost faith in newspaper reports, relied on rumours instead
-Sep 1939: listening to foreign radios criminalised
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Governmental anarchy in Nazi wartime
-structure of gov lacked clear decision making, overlapping structures
-economic requirements of war created new level of complexity
-factionalism grew as ministries, the party, army and ** fought for power
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What was the role of Hitler during wartime?
-focused on military matters
-trusted Goering's decisions
-not often seen in public, Goebbels became public face of regime, orchestrating the response to the 1944 Bomb Plot
-high rate of casualties on Easter Front damaged morale, provoking criticism of Hi
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What was the role of the ** during wartime?
-entrusted with running Nazi occupied territories in Eastern Europe, insisting brutal policies in these areas
-Waffen ** contained 900,000 responsible for most extreme aspect of Nazi policy, e.g death camps
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Why did women not voluntarily join the workforce in large numbers?
because families of conscripted men received reasonable benefits
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What happened to the number of women employed in industry 1939-41?
it decreased
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What change was there in Nazi policy towards women in 1943?
in Jan 1943, all women aged 17-45 were required to work
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What change was there in Nazi policy towards women at the later stages of war?
upper age limit of women compelled to work increased to 50, therefore there was a significant increase in the no. women workers
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in 1945, what percentage of workers were women?
60%
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What jobs did women have during the war?
-anti-aircraft operations
-air-raid wardens
-Nazi womens groups set up emergency kitchens to feed survivors, helped look after orphans and reunite families that had been separated during the war
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1939-41, what happened to military expenditure?
it doubled
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what was productivity like 1939-41?
disappointing and below that of its enemies- Britain produced twice as many aircraft as Germany in 1941
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Britain produced ______ air craft as Germany in 1941
double the amount of
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What hindered economic efficiency 1939-41?
the chaotic organisation of the Nazi state. the various bodies responsible did not coordinate effectively
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during the war, what different groups had responsibility for armaments production? (5)
-Office of Four Year Plan
-parts of **
-Ministry of Economics
-Ministry of Armaments
-armed forces
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What tensions undermined economic efficiency?
-conflict btwn senior Nazis, business owners and military leaders. Goering + senior Nazis often set unrealistic targets and encouraged businesses to work in a way that was uneconomic. therefore many business owners resisted Goering's control.
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Who was Fritz Todt and what did he do?
he was head of Ministry of Armaments, and simplified production of armaments in 1942. industry was now directed to increase production
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After Todt died, who did Hitler appoint as Minister of Munitions?
Albert Speer
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When was Albert Speer appointed Minister of Munitions?
Feb 1942
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What happened in Sep 1943 concerning Albert Speer?
his powers were extended, being given responsibility for all industry and raw materials as Minister for Armaments and Production.
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in what ways was Albert Speer successful?
-ammunition production rose
-tank production rose
-total arms production rose 59%
-1942-44 war production trebled
-raw materials used more efficiently and productivity per munitions worker increased 60%
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By what percentage did ammunition production rise due to Albert Speer?
97%
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By what percentage did tank production increase due to Albert Speer?
25%
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What board did Albert Speer set up?
Central Planning Board
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What did the Central Planning Board do?
coordinated economic organisation, whilst giving industry more freedom to develop
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What commission did Albert Speer set up?
Armaments Commission
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What did the Armaments Commission do and what did it ensure?
oversaw the standardisation of armaments, ensuring that dif. parts of army could use the same munitions
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Failures of the war economy
-G still out produced by USA and SU
-chaotic state remained; Gauleiter and ** acted against economic efficiency
-women not fully mobilised
-low productivity of foreign workers bc treated badly
-shortage of raw materials
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At the start of the war, what happened to workers wages?
they were reduced to try and increase productivity. extra overtime payments and bonuses also banned
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When were wages restored and why?
Oct 1939 after increase in absenteeism
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What two things impacted workers in 1944?
-holidays banned
-working week increased to 60hrs
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Governmental anarchy in Nazi wartime

Back

-structure of gov lacked clear decision making, overlapping structures
-economic requirements of war created new level of complexity
-factionalism grew as ministries, the party, army and ** fought for power

Card 3

Front

What was the role of Hitler during wartime?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the role of the ** during wartime?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why did women not voluntarily join the workforce in large numbers?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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