Generated when rocks within 700km of the Earth's surface come under such stress that they break and become displaced
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Volcanic Hazards
Associated with eruption events
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Intra-plate Earthquakes
These occur in the middle or interior of tectonic plates and are much rarer than boundary earthquakes
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Volcano
A landform that develops around a weakness in the Earth's crust from which molten magma, volcanic rock and gases are ejected or extruded
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Lithosphere
The surface layer of the Earth is a rigid outer shell composed of the crust and upper mantle. The lithosphere is always moving, slowly, fuelled by rising heat from the mantle which creates convection currents
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Subduction Zones
Two plates are moving together, with the thinner oceanic plate descending beneath a continental plate. Where the plates are locked together, frictional stress builds. When that stress exceeds a given threshold a mega-thrust earthquake occurs
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Locked Fault
A fault that is not slipping because the frictional resistance on the fault is greater than the sheer stress across the fault
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Soil Liquefaction
Water-saturated material can temporarily lose normal strength and behave like a liquid under the pressure of strong shaking
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Intensity
A measure of the ground shaking
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Magnitude
The amount of movement or displacement in the fault which is in turn a measure of energy release
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Epicentre
The location on the Earth's surface that is directly above the earthquake focus
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Associated with eruption events
Back
Volcanic Hazards
Card 3
Front
These occur in the middle or interior of tectonic plates and are much rarer than boundary earthquakes
Back
Card 4
Front
A landform that develops around a weakness in the Earth's crust from which molten magma, volcanic rock and gases are ejected or extruded
Back
Card 5
Front
The surface layer of the Earth is a rigid outer shell composed of the crust and upper mantle. The lithosphere is always moving, slowly, fuelled by rising heat from the mantle which creates convection currents
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