Hazards, Vulnerability, Risk, Resilience and Disaster

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  • Hazards, Vulnerability, Risk, Resilience and Disaster
    • Disaster
      • A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources
      • Economic losses of over $1.5 million
      • Degg's Model
        • Hazardous geophysical event + Vulnerable population
    • Understanding Risk
      • Unpredictability
        • People are caught out by timing or magnitude
      • Lack of Alternatives
        • People stay in hazardous area due to lack of options
        • Economic reasons
        • Lack of space to move
        • Lack of skills or knowledge
      • Dynamic Hazards
      • Cost-Benefit
        • The benefits of a hazardous location may outweigh the risks
        • Perception of risk
      • "Russian Roulette Reaction"
        • The acceptance of the risks
      • The Hazard-Risk Formula
        • Risk = Hazard x Exposure x Vulnerability / Manageability
      • Disaster Risk and Age Index
        • Ageing populations
          • Children and the elderly suffer more from hazards
        • The acceleration of risk
    • The Pressure and Release Model
      • Based on processes generating vulnerability and the natural hazard event
      • Understanding the PAR Model
        • Root causes
          • Limited access to
            • Power
            • Structures
            • Resources
          • Ideologies
            • Political systems
            • Economic systems
        • Dynamic pressures
          • Lack of
            • Appropriate skills
            • Training
            • Local investment
            • Press freedom
            • Ethical standards
          • Macro-forces
            • Rapid population change
            • Rapid urbanisation
            • Deforestation
            • Arms expenditure
            • Debt repayment schedules
        • Unsafe conditions
          • Fragile physical environment
          • Fragile local economy
          • Vulnerable society
          • Public actions
    • The Social and Economic Impacts if Tectonic Hazards
      • Impacts of earthquakes are greater than earthquakes
      • Volcanoes are concentrated meaning only a small proportion of people are exposed to volcanic actiivity
      • 5% of people are affected by earthquakes
      • Economic impacts are proportional to the land area exposed
      • Economic Impacts
        • Level of development
        • Insured impacts versus non-insured losses
        • Total number of people affected
        • The speed of economic recovery
        • Degree of urbanisation
        • Land value

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