Key Definitions 4.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? ChemistryASOCR Created by: Amy CockingCreated on: 28-11-12 17:12 Relative Atomic Mass The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to one twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12 1 of 27 Relative Isotopic Mass The mass of an isotope compared to one-twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12 2 of 27 Relative Molecular Mass The weighted mean mass of a molecule of a substance compared to one twelfth of an atom of carbon-12 3 of 27 Relative Formula Mass The weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared to one twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12 4 of 27 Empirical Formula The simplest whole number ratio 5 of 27 Reduction Gain of electrons 6 of 27 Oxidation Loss of electrons 7 of 27 Disproportionation The oxidation and reduction of the same element in a redox reaction 8 of 27 Base A proton acceptor 9 of 27 Redox Reaction A reaction in which both a reduction and oxidation take place 10 of 27 Ionisation Energy The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of atoms to form one mole of ions all in the gaseous state 11 of 27 Covalent Bond A bond formed by a sharde pair of electrons 12 of 27 Avogadro's Constant The number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope - 6.02 x 10^23 13 of 27 Isoptope Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons and different masses 14 of 27 Water of Crystallisation Water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound 15 of 27 Acid A proton donor 16 of 27 Ion A positively or negatively charged atom 17 of 27 Alkali A type of base that dissolves in water to give OH ions 18 of 27 Salt When a hydrogen ion in a acid is replaced by a metal ion 19 of 27 Ionic Bond The electrostatic attraction between oppositley charged ions 20 of 27 Dative Bond Shared pair of electrons where only one of the atoms is contributing both electrons 21 of 27 Electronegativity The attraction that each bonded atom has for the pair of electrons in the covalent bond 22 of 27 Metallic Bonding The bond between positive ions and delocalised electrons 23 of 27 Orbital A region within an atom that can hold up to 2 electrons, with opposite spins 24 of 27 Hydrogen Bond A strong dipole attraction between a hydrogen atom and a molecule with a lone pair of electrons on a highly electronegative atom 25 of 27 Permanant Dipole A small charge difference across a bond resulting from a difference in electronegativities of the bonded atoms 26 of 27 Van der Waals Forces Attractive forces between induced dipoles with neighbouring molecules 27 of 27
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