what are the three types of steroid hormones the gonads release
Progestagens, oestrogens and androgens
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what are androgens
male characteristics, testosterone, mainly synthesised and released by the testes and the adrenal gland. can be converted into oestrogens
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what are oestrogens
female, non-pregnant women, oestradiol, mainly synthesised from androgens and released by the ovaries.
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what are progestagens
menstrual cycle and pregnancy.
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what cells are there in testies?
leydig cells, sit out side tubes and stimulated by LH to produce and release tesosterone.
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what are seminiferous tubules?
where spermatogenesis occurs. contains sertoli cells (help with structure and nutrition of sperm cells) and spermatogonial stem cells involved in production FSH acts of sertoli cells
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What happens in the ovaries?
they have stroma cells and follicles oocyte egg cell surrounded by follicular cell making ovarian follicle. these release oestrogen
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describe the ovarian cycle
1.follicles grow due to FSH and release more oestrogen. limited FSH so only one follicle left. as follicle grows theca cells and granulosa cells release oestrogen in response to LH. oestrogen levels rise.
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second stage
ovulatory phase- high oestrogen causes LH surge, release of oocyte. normally oestrogen has a negative effect on LH but no when high enough levels of o.
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third stage
luteal phase-remains of follicle release progesterone called corpus luteum. release oestrogen and progesterone to prepare for pregnancy. after this it starts to degenerate and o and p levels fall.
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what is kallman syndrome
GnRH neurones lack development so no sense of smell from olfactory region.
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Card 2
Front
what are androgens
Back
male characteristics, testosterone, mainly synthesised and released by the testes and the adrenal gland. can be converted into oestrogens
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