History Revision

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Who was Asklepios?
The God of Healing
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What was Hippocrates famous for?
He was famous for the Theory of the 4 Humours- blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile
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What was the Hippocratic Oath?
Where you swear the help of patients
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Who was Galen?
He was a Roman Doctor who created the Theory of Opposites. He wrote lots of books, along with Hippocrates about treatment for trainee doctors and nurses.
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List a few Public Health facilities
Sewers and flushing toilets, public toilets (latrines), fresh water (water fountains), hospitals for soldiers only
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What did the Church do in the Middle Ages?
Set up hospitals, kept Galen's work, stopped dissection, cared for the poor
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When was the Black Death? What were the two types of Plaque?
1348 and Bubonic and Pneumonic
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What were the Romans's ideas about Cause of Disease?
Humours out of balance and Gods and Goddesses
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How did the Roman's treat patients?
Pray to Asklepios, home remedies (Honey and Garlic, Onion Juice and Honey and Valerian or Poppy Juice, plants), wear a charm to ward off bad spirits and resting, eating and exercising
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Who was Celsus?
A landowner in the Roman times who wrote books about medicines for wealthy families about other treatments. He treated his own family (and friends)
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What did Roman hospitals and training do?
Hospitals noted cause of disease and symptoms to diagnose and treat patients. Trainee's read books by Hippocrates and Galen and used theories and methods advised
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What were the Middle Ages ideas about Cause of Disease?
Humours out of balance and God or the Devil punishing them for their sins
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How did the Middle Ages treat patients?
Bleeding, uronscopy (urine samples, testing, smell, colour and density), timing treatment by knowledge of astrology, purging stomach (mixture of herbs and animal fat, making them sick), laxatives, home remedies (Plantain, plants, herbs, minerals)
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What was astrology?
People in Middle Ages believed parts of the body showed signs of Zodiac (Zodiac Man showing doctors when to avoid treatment)
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How did hospitals and training help in the Middle Ages?
Housed the poor and elderly, gave shelter to travellers and pilgrims, cared for sick
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What was the Middle Ages Public Health like?
Had wells for drinking, houseowners built latrines ad streams near cesspools for dumping sewage, payed fines for throwing litter/water out windows or just having filth outside their house, Butchers order to use segregated area for butchering animals
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Who was Vesalius?
Dares to question Galen, Dissection of Humans, added realistic drawings to books
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What did William Harvey discover?
The circulation of Blood. He did an experiment on live frog to see function of Heart
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What did Charles II discover?
He founded the Royal Society in 1661
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Who was Jenner?
He was a country doctor who noticed that if Milkmaids had Cowpox, they wouldn't get Smallpox
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How did the Government respond to this?
They gave money to open a clinic and after Jenners death in 1852, made a Smallpox vaccination compulsory
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What was Cholera?
Cholera was transmitted by water or food. It was called the Shock Disease because it spread quickly (smelly and crowded, with noisy markets and narrow cobbled streets), killed quickly and it killed regardless of the class.
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Who was Chadwick?
Chadwick (1830s) reported on poor people. He recommended clean water, sewage pipes and medical officers
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Who was Snow?
Snow (1854) discovered that you could make links between dirty water and Cholera.
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What was the 1st Public Healh Act?
It was introduced in 1848 and was to improve the sanitary condition of towns and populous places in England and Wales by placing the supply of water, sewerage, drainage, cleansing and paving under a single local body.
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What was the 2nd Public Health Act?
It was introduced in 1875 and was an act of the Parliament of Britain to combat filthy urban living conditions, which caused various public health threats, including the spread of many diseases such as Cholera and Typhus.
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What was the Industrial Revolution?
1760-1900. The Industrial Revolution was a change in how and where goods were made.
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Explain Alexander Fleming's discovery of Penicillin
In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered that a blob of mould had grown on a dirty dish in his lab. All around the mouldy blob, there were no bacteria growing. This substance, killing the bacteria, was called Penicillin.
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Who was Behring?
He discovered naturally occurring substance in Rabbit blood that killed disease
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Who was Ehrlich?
Discovered the first magic bullet- man made chemical, Salvarsan 606. It cured Syphilis.
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Who was Domagk?
Discovered the 2nd magic bullet, a red dye called Prontosil. It cured Blood Poisoning
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Who was Florence Nightingale?
Cared for wounded British soldiers during the Crimean War at military hospitals in Turkey and greatly improved the conditions and substantially reduced the mortality rate. Established the Nightingale Training School for nurses at St Thomas' Hosp
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was Hippocrates famous for?

Back

He was famous for the Theory of the 4 Humours- blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile

Card 3

Front

What was the Hippocratic Oath?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Who was Galen?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

List a few Public Health facilities

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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