History exam Revision

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  • Created by: Emead98
  • Created on: 30-05-14 20:46
What does proportional representation mean?
If a party won 5% of the vote, it would get 5% of the seats in the Reichstag.
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Why was proportional representation a problem for the Weimar government?
It was difficult to win enough seats to form a government, therefore coalition governments were common and it could be difficult to make decisions.
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What was Article 48?
This gave the president power to pass laws without the permission of the Reichstag in times of emergency
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Why was the army a problem for the Weimar government initially?
Reichswehr, the Generals had been fighting for the Kaiser. They didn't like the new government.
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Why were the courts a problem for the Weimar government to begin with?
Many judges had served under the Kaiser. They weren't as strict with people who were trying to destroy democracy. E.g Hitler in 1923
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What were the 6 reasons that made times difficult for the Weimar Republic 1924-1929?
Blamed for losing the First world war. Signed the treaty of versailles. Economic crisis. Hyperinflation. Munich Putsch. Wall Street Crash.
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What was the golden age of the weimar republic?
The USA provides financial aid. Accepted into the league of nations. Gustav Stresemann.
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Who were the people that were against the Weimar government?
Communists. Nazis. Civil workers. Judges. The police. The army.
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What were the reasons for the Weimar government being so unpopular?
Losing the first world war. Signing the treaty of versailles. Democracy was new. Poverty and starvation after the war.
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What was the weakness of Article 48?
It could be misused to form a dictatorship and become non-democratic.
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What was the Ruhr crisis in 1923?
Germany couldn't pay and France wasn't happy as it needed the money to pay back its debts to the USA. France and Belgium occupied the Ruhr to obtain goods.
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What was hyperinflation?
The government printed more money to pay Ruhr workers.
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What were the effects of the treaty of versailles?
Gave coal mines of Saar to France. Acknowledged Austria as an independent country. Lost foreign lands. Placed a limit on Army of only 100 000 men. Germany was to be made responsible for WW1. Paid lots of reparation. .
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What were the 6 stages of early development for the Nazis?
January 1919- Anton Drexler establishes German workers party. Hitler works as spy for weimar government. September 1919 Hitler joins german workers party (DAP). 1920- Hitler responsible for propaganda and gives party new name. 1921- Hitler leader. SA
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What was the date of the Munich Putsch?
8th November 1923
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What happened to Hitler after the Munich Putsch?
He was convicted of treason and imprisoned for 9 months where he wrote Mein Kampf. Hitler was not allowed to speak in public until 1927.
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After the Munich Putsch incident, Hitler realised that he had to gain power legally. What were the 5 steps he took?
Propaganda campaigns. Hitler youth. Merges with other right wing parties. Local branches of the party to try and win more seats in the Reichstag. The **- his personal bodyguards in 1925
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Who was Joseph Goebbels?
Minister of propaganda 1933-1945. He died with his wife and children in the bunker with Hitler on may 1st 1945
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Who was Hermann Goering?
Took action against Rohm in 1934 on the night of the long knives. In 1935 he became responsible for the airforce. In 1936 he became responsible for the four year plan. He committed suicide when he was sentenced to execution at the Nuremberg trials.
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Who was Heinrich Himmler?
He was the head of the ** and responsible for implementing the final solution, setting up extermination camps. He committed suicide.
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Who was Reinhard Heydrich?
He was responsible for the Gestapo. In 1941 he became known for his work organising the final solution.
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Who was Ernst Rohm?
Head of the SA. He was killed on the night of the long knives.
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What were the ideas that Hitler highlighted in Mein Kampf?
Aryans- most important race. Uniting with Austria. Abolishing the treaty of versailles. Creating a large Germany once again. Lebransaum- living space to create a larger Germany- Anti-semitism- hatred of Jews.
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In May 1924, how many seats did the Nazis have in the Reichstag?
32
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In december 1924 how many seats did the the Nazis have in the Reichstag?
14
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How many seats did the Nazis have in the Reichstag in May 1928?
12
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How many seats did the Nazis have in the Reichstag in September 1930?
107 after the financial crisis
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Seats in July 1932?
230
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Seats in November 1932?
196
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Seats in March 1933?
288- After Hitler became chancellor
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What was the attitude of the military?
Unhappy with the way the war had ended as Germany was left with a small army.
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What was the attitude of the middle class?
Had suffered economically during the war
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Attitude of business people?
Scared of the growth of communism
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Attitude of farmers?
Low food prices.
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Attitude of racist people?
Hated jews
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Attitude of criminals?
Found the party exciting
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Who was the chancellor before Hitler?
Von Papen
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Why did chancellor Bruning resign?
Von Schleicher, a general in the army managed to persuade President Hindenburg to get rid of Bruning
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Who became chancellor after Bruning?
Von Papen- he gained very little support apart from Hindenburg
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Why did the recession help Hitler gain power?
The number of unemployed was over 6 million by the time Hitler became chancellor. People had lost hope in their government and Hitler was promising them more opportunities.
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How did Hitlers appeal and promises get him to the chancellor position?
The nazi party was the peoples party. It tried to win everybody's support. Hitler would deliver speeches to German audiences in the halls or sports stadiums.
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How did the Nazi party appeal to the middle class?
Protection from communism. and restoration of law and order
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How did the Nazis appeal to the upper class?
Reprisal for the Treaty of Versailles. and the creation of the strong government.
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How did the Nazi party appeal to large industrialists?
Suspension of trade unions
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How did the nazi party appeal to the working class?
Jobs and the protection of workers
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How did the nazi party appeal to ordinary people from the countryside?
An increase in the price of agricultural products
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How did the nazi party appeal to women?
Emphasis on the family and morals
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How did fear of communism help the Nazis rise to power?
The communist revolution happened in Russia in 1917. Many feared that it would spread to Germany
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How did the role of the SA help Hitler acquire the chancellor position?
Controlled the streets in order to promote the Nazis activities and prevent their opponents activities. They were undisciplined hooligans and many people feared them.
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How did the use of propaganda help Hitler acquire the position of chancellor?
Josef Goebbels used newspapers, posters, radio and news films in the cinema. The messages were simple and said what Germans wanted to hear.
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What were the drawbacks for Hitler at the time when he became chancellor in January 1930?
Only 3 out of 10 ministers were members of the nazi party. The nazis had less than half the seats in the reichstag. Hindenburg could dismiss Hitler at any time.
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What was the significance of the Reichstag fire?
Every party and every public meeting banned from criticizing the nazi government. Communists got the blame and so everyone hated them.
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What were the details of the Reichstag fire?
Marinus Van der Lubbe was arrested for the crime. Blame communists. Nazis stated that the fire was a communist plot to destroy the government. Hindenburg announces additional powers- The law for the protection of the people and state.
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What happened on the 28th February 1933
Suspension of all civil rights and personal freedom. Political prisoners can be held in custody indefinitely, without a hearing.
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What happened in the March election (5th) 1933?
The nazi party wins 43.9% of the vote, which was 288 seats in the Reichstag. Hitler forms a coalition with the national party. The communist party win 81 seats.
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What happened on the 20th March 1933?
Himmler establishes the first concentration camp in Dachau
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What happened on the 23rd of March 1933?
The Reichstag passes the enabling act. Hitler had to persuade at least 91 member to vote in favour of it. Just over two-thirds voted in favour of it. This shows that not everyone was a supporter of the nazis.
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What happened on the 31st March 1933?
Removal of civil rights. Every provincial parliament was shut down. Reorganised to have same constitution has Reichstag- Nazis in control. Managers appointed for each province- all nazis.
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What happened on the 2nd of May 1934 to help the nazis consolidate their power?
Dissolution of trade unions. Offices broken down into all parts of the country and a number of officers arrested. They merge to become the German Labour Front, managed by the Nazis.
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What were the 3 moves towards dictatorship?
The social democratic party was banned. A law is passed on 14th July to make every party illegal apart from the Nazis. 12th November 1934- new election in Reichstag, Nazis win 92.2% of the vote.
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What was the date of the knight of long knives?
30th June 1934
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What happened on the knight of Long Knives?
Rohm and members of the SA, together with opponents of the nazi party, are arrested and shot without trial. Over 400 members of SA were killed. Hitler sent the ** under the code name operation Hummingbird.
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Why did Hitler choose to have the members of SA killed?
They were embarrassing Hitler, becoming unruly. Rohm was mouthing off about Hitler in public. Hitler wanted to gain the trust of the army.
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What had been the strengths of the SA?
Had helped Hitler rise to power. Hoped to benefit/gain. Some were unemployed and wanted a job. Leaders wanted influential jobs. Rohm wanted to merge the SA with the army.
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What were the strengths of the army?
Joining the SA reduced its power. Professional soldiers. Hitler needed the support of army officers and general. Rohm was more powerful than Hitler.
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Why did Hitler succeed in becoming Fuhrer?
Germanys politicians had not realised Hitlers strengths and motives. Politicians collaborated with Hitler. Weak opposition. Hitler exploited every opportunity to reinforce power. Used violence to rid opposition. Dealt with threats to his position.
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Why were the SA important to Hitler at one point?
Protected Nazi supporter. Distributed propaganda leaflets. Very organised, therefore had a good reputation although some didn't like their violence.
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Why did the SA become a problem for Hitler?
By 1934 Hitler was in power- the SA were no longer needed. Rohm was ambitious he was a threat to Hitler. Rohm wanted the SA to merge with the army to form the Peoples Army.
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Why was the army important to Hitler?
They were disciplined. Managed to reduce unemployment by creating a larger army. Necessary in order to control Germany.
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Why was the army also a problem for Hitler?
Generals such as Von Schleicher could attempt to overthrow Hitler by organising a putsch. There was tension between Hitler and the army because of the SA/
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What was the solution to gaining control of the army?
The army was only willing to support Nazi government if the SA lost its power. Swore a pledge of allegiance to Hitler after the night of long knives.
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What were the 6 ways that the economic problems of Germany were being solved?
National Labour Service, Public Work Schemes, Rearming, Nazi statistics, The four year plan, KDF
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What was the national labour service?
RAD- Every man aged 18-25 must spend six months in the labour service (preparing to be a soldier)
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What were the public work schemes?
Autobahn, hospitals, houses. Working with hand = creating more work.
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What was rearming?
Increase the army. Navy building two warships (preparing for war)
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What were the nazi statistics?
No women, Jews or RAD included. This meant that the statistics looked better.
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What was the four year plan?
Preparing for war. Producing arms. Ensuring that the country was self sufficient.
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What was the KDF?
Strength through joy. Ensuring leisure opportunities for workers. Volkswagen, holidays, theatre.
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What were 3 of Hitlers intentions to reduce unemployment?
Reduce unemployment. Create jobs through rearmament (avenge the treaty of versailles and prepare to expand Germany) Create an economically self-sufficient Germany(Autarky)
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What did the RAD force every man aged 18-25 to do?
Complete 6 months training at the RAD. Wear military uniform. Live in camps. Receive pocket money only. Do military/physical exercise every day.
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What did some of the RAD work include?
Planting forests, digging ditches on farms.
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What was the unemployment relief act?
Build a network of motorways. Build hospitals.
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What did all of the work and schemes mean for workers?
All this work was done manually. This mean that it would take more time and created work for 80 000 over the following 5 years.
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What did rearmament do?
Created new jobs- manufacturing arms, supplying raw material and manufacturing military equipment.
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What was the intention of rearmament?
To increase the army from 100 000 to 300 000. To increase the navy and the number of submarines. To construct two battleships. To increase the airforce.
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In 1939 how many members were there in the armed forces?
1 400 000
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What did the German public think about rearmament?
Were glad to secure and fairly safe jobs. Large businesses were prospering, small and middle class suffered. Government provided aid to farmers. The economy grew as the country prepared for war and rearmament.
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What was the result of the work of the four year plan and work schemes?
Fewer than 350 000 unemployed. ** would persecute the unemployed calling them lazy. However women, jews and RAD were not included in statistics.
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How did Germany go about being self-sufficient?
Germany searched for artificial ingredients to replace things like rubber, oil, textiles and coffee. This was not a success. Agriculture suffered. In 1939 germany was importing 33% of raw materials. Shortage of food in Germany
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Why didn't Hitler likeb trade unions?
He believed they supported socialism and communism,
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What happened to the trade unions?
They were banned in Germany in may 1933. Their money was taken away from them. Their leaders were arrested.
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What was put in place of the trade unions?
German Labour Front. (DAF) Every worker in Germany was now a member of same trade union, which was controlled by Nazis. DAF managed discipline, wages and working hours.
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What were the results of the DAF?
Working hours were increased. Wages were frozen. It was impossible to show disapproval about this.
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What was the purpose of the Strength Through Joy Movement (KdF)
To support the Fuhrer and thank him. To keep everyone happy after abolishing trade unions.
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What were some of the activities of the KdF?
Cheap cruise holidays, Travel opportunities, Building health clubs, Organising coach trips, Trips to the theatre/cinema, skiing/sailing, sports
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What were the three K's?
Kinder- Children. Kriche- Church. Kuche- Kitchen.
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What were women's life like during the Weimar Republic?
Received a high standard of education. Could earn good wages in good jobs. Could vote.
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So then how had the life of women changed in 1933?
They wore no make up. No permed hair. Gave up their jobs to men. Stayed at home to bring up the children.
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What was the Unemployment Relief Act?
Provided a matrimonial loan of 1000 Reichsmark when a couple got married.
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What were the conditions of receiving the Reichsmark on marriage?
The wife had been in a job for 6 months and would leave that job. The husband didn't earn more than 125 Reichsmark per month.
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Could the couple keep the matrimonial loan?
Only if they had four children.
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What was Lebensborn?
It was against the law for healthy mothers to have an abortion. Established in 1936, where members of the ** could meet an Aryan girl with the aim of increasing the Aryan race.
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What was the law for the prevention of Hereditary diseased offspring?
Sterilising women who were unsuitable to have children.
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Women and work
1921- Women banned from having jobs in the nazi party. 1933- No women in professional posts. 1936- no women as judges, prosecutors or members of a jury ( as women were controlled by emotions)
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Who became in charge of education after the nazis came to power?
Bernhard Rust
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What was the aim of education?
To separate jews from other children. Encourage hatred towards the Jews. Prevent Jews from getting an education.
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What was the conditioning for education?
Every subject was presented from a nazi perspective. Textbooks were re-written. History books emphasized Germany's military success. Jews and communists were blamed for the recession.
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Was the scheme of education a success?
Yes. Jews were portrayed as bad, ugly and selfish people in textbooks and childrens stories. By the time children were 8 years old they strongly believed that Jews were bad people. In biology , children would learn about features of supreme race.
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What was the Nazi teachers alliance?
Every teacher had to be a member of the nazi teachers alliance. Pupils were encouraged to tell the authorities if their teachers didn't teach them the new curriculum.
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What was a sort of timeline for education?
Bernhard Rust- minister for education. Book burning ceremonies 1933- anything anti-nazi. Teachers: members of the nazi teachers alliance. Timetable: PE, history, geography, German, biology. Lessons- Nazi ideology. Special schools.
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What was the Hitler Youth?
1925- it was established. 1932- Membership: 108 000. 1936- Hitler youth act passed giving the movement the same status as the home and the school. Difficult to avoid being member. 1939- membership 8 million.
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What were some of the activities of the Hitler youth movement?
Military skills. Shooting. Map reading.
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What were the role of girls?
Mothers, nothing academic.
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When were the ** formed?
The ** established as part of the SA in 1925, but were a more disciplined unit with black uniform.
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What happened with the ** in 1929?
It was under the leadership of Henrich Himmler.
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What were the three sections that the ** were divided into?
Safety, Waffen **- the armed forces most devoted and dependable unit. Killing Unit- Concentration camps during the Second World War.
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What was the gestapo?
Est 1933. Led by Hermann Goering. 1936- The gestapos control over Germany had extended.
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What did the Gestapo do?
Tortured people in order to obtain information
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What was the purpose of the Gestapo?
Looking for enemies of the Third Reich. They were responsible for Dachau april 1933.
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How many people had the Gestapo sentenced to death between 1934-1939?
534
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In 1939 how many people did the Gestapo arrest for political crimes?
160 000 people
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What control did the nazis have over the political system?
The importance of the enabling act- governing dictator. Judges- Nazis. The gestapo- right to imprison and kill without trial. People's court- special court to target individuals on local level.
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What happened in October 1933?
10 000 lawyers swear an oath to the Fuhrer.
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What were the methods of propaganda?
Rallies, radio, sculpture and architecture, film 'the eternal jew', music no jazz, newspapers/ the press, art, book burning, sports and games
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What was Goebbels purpose of propaganda?
The purpose of propaganda was to condition and convince people, and get them to believe in the values and ideas of Nazis.
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What were the messages of the nazi propaganda?
The purity of the aryan race. The greatness of Germany. The Fuhrer cult.
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What was established in 1933 under Josef Goebbels?
The ministry of public enlightenment and Propaganda was established.
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How was propaganda misinformation?
It was based on rumours, chain letters, rewriting textbooks to contain Nazi ideas.
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What were the use of rallies?
Crowds would gather to watch Hitler speak at the annual rally in Nuremberg. Hitler would express his ideas in a simple way, repeating them over and over.
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What would happen between the rallies?
Local branches of the SA or Hitler youth would campaign to raise money for the party.
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How could Nazis get the propaganda message across to people in their homes?
Radios were being mass produced so they were cheap. As a result 70% of German households had a radio set.
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What happened with the newspapers?
They were censored. 1935- 1 600 newspapers were closed down. 1938- 10 000 publications disappear.
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What was the Malicious Gossip Law in 1934?
Telling an anti-nazi joke was a crime , leading to a fine or imprisonment,
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What happened to Jewish people in 1933?
Boycott of jewish shops and businesses. Jews banned from working as teachers and judges. The SA stand outside jewish shops, cafes and businesses to prevent customers from entering and paint Jude on their windows.
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What happened to Jews in April 1936?
Jews banned from working as doctors and dentists.
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What happened to jews in 1935?
Jews banned from being members of the armed forces.
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What were the Nuremberg laws introduced in 1935?
Jews didn't have the right to be German citizens. Not allowed to marry Aryans.
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What happened to Jewish people in 1938?
ID cards. Forced to use Jewish forenames. Kristallnacht.
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What was Kristallnacht?
On the 9th and 10th November the Nazis destroyed 7500 Jewish shop windows, burned 400 synagogues and arrested 30 000 Jews and sent them to concentration camps. The jews were then forced to pay for all the damage. They were forced to sell their busine
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WWhat was the nazis view on religion?
They believed in constructive christianity and freedom for every religious denomination. They saw it as a threat to their policies.
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What were the nazis links to the catholic and protestant churches?
Hitler signed a concordat with the pope in 1933. He promised full religious freedom for the church and the pope promised he wouldn't interfere with political matters.
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What did Hitler then do to upset religious followers?
Started to close catholic churches. Many monasteries were shut down, and the catholic youth organisation was abolished. Around 400 priests send to Dachau. Pope protested but didn't have an impact.
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When was the National Reich church formed?
1936. Mein Kampf instead of bible and swastika instead of cross.
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What was the initial effect?
Successful period of war for Germany.
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How was the military succeeding in the initial effect?
The Blitzkreig tactics pushed the army forward to Poland in 1939, and Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Denmark, Norway and France in 1940
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Why else was the initial effect good for Germany?
There was mo effect on the civilian population
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How did the rationing work?
Artificial goods were used. Balanced diet for everyone. 1939-clothes started to ration. People were only allowed to use warm water twice a week. Soap rationing. No toilet paper.
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What was the result of rationing?
A flourishing black market was developed to exchange goods.
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What did the Nazis do in 1943?
Tried to force 3 million women aged 17-45 into work. only 1 million went. This was one of the reasons they won the war. Foreign workers represented 21% of Germany's workforce.
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What was the Barbarossa campaign?
The attack on Russia in June 1941.
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What was the Turning point of the war for Germany's defeat?
Their defeat in 1942 in Stalingrad. This was a shock for the people of Germany, as the war propaganda had said that they were winning.
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How did things like shops prepare for total war?
There was no shop opened that didn't help with the war effort. There were no sports shops, magazine or sweet shops. Exchange centres were opened and more women were working in the factories. Working hours increased..
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What did the Hitler Youth Movement do during the Total war effort?
Arranged for children to be moved to Austria and Bavaria.
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Shortages and the black market:
1939- 700 grams of meat for each person per week. 1945- only 250 grams of meat for each person per week. 1943- the zoo animals were slaughtered.
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What cities were hit by bombs in Germany?
Hamburg 1943. Koln 1942. Berlin 1943. Dresden 1945.
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What was the aim of the allies intensive bombing program in 1943?
Was to kill peoples spirits and force the war to end. Germany's large cities were bombed.
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What happened to Hamburg due to the bombing?
It's ports and industries were bombed. On 27th July 1943, 45 000 were killed, including women, elderly people and children.
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What happened to Dresden due to the bombing?
February 1943, 70% of the city's buildings were destroyed, over 150 000 civilians were killed in two nights.
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What happened to Hamburg the second time it was bombed?
August 1943, 60% of Hamburg's buildings were destroyed. 60 000- 100 000 people were killed.
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Around how many civilians were killed during the allied bombing raids?
800 000. Around 50% of the bombs fell on residential areas and 12% on factories and war industries.
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What was the effect of the bombing?
Many fled to the safety of the countryside. The population of the villages increased quickly. People had to share their homes. Germans saw that they were losing the war. Therefore, support for the Nazis was weakening in the villages.
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What was the People's Home Guard? ( Volksstrum)
1944- The volksstrum was just propaganda and its aim was to raise peoples spirits. The members were inexperienced, untrained and were either too old or to ill to join the Wehrmains.
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What was the boy members of the Volksstrum duties?
Working with fire service, postmen, distributing ration cards, guides during blackouts, collecting metals, bones, kitchen waste and clothes.
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What was the duties of the girl members in the Volksstrum?
Helping out in kindergartens and elderly people homes, distributing coal and food for the homeless, widows and refugees, singing in choirs to provide entertainment to ill and injured people.
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What were the developing ghettos?
Jews weren't allowed to leave a part of the city- soldiers and barbed wire prevented them. Around 500 000 died as a result of starvation and disease.
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What were the special operation squads?
One of the sections of the **, Einsatzgruppen, was used to gather jews, shoot them and throw them into mass graves. Around 750 000 were killed this way. In the eyes of the nazis, this process was too slow for them.
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What was the Final solution?
In July 1941, Goering ordered Heydrich to prepare a plan to find the final solution to the problem. The result was the construction of concentration camps.
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Around how many Jewish people did the Nazis kill during the holocaust?
6 million.
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Why wasn't civilian opposition to the nazis effective?
Propaganda was everywhere. People were scared. Gestapo would arrest opponents and tortured them. Treason resulted in death.
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Who were the Edelweiss Pirates?
Barthen Schink- he was hanged in November 1944, aged 16.
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Who were the swing kids?
Middle class group. Inspired by the music of Britain and the USA. Swing clubs were opened were people danced the jitterbug. They listened to music that had been banned.
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Wo were the white rose group?
Students at Munich University. Sophie Scholl. Their opposition was non-violent. 18th February 1934- they were arrested by the gestapo for distributing anti-nazi leaflets, displaying posters and writing grafitti. They were tortured and hanged.
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Wo were the Left Wing: The Red Orchestra?
An espionage network which provided information to the soviet army. Activity : vandalism, organising strikes, encouraging soldiers to flee from the army.
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Who was Dietrich Bonhoeffer?
He opposed the Nazis policies on racism and helped Jews to escape. He was executed by the Nazis as the Flossenburg concentration camp during the final month of the war. He had been arrested two years earlier for helping 14 jews flee to Switzerland.
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What was operation Valkyrie?
A bomb plot in July 1944. The aim was to kill Hitler and take control of Berlin using the army.
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Who was Colonel Claus Von Staffenburg?
A senior officer in the army who left a leather bag under a table in Hitlers headquarters in east Berlin containing a bomb. Four people were killed, but Hitler only sustained minor injuries.
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What was the result of the army opposing Hitler?
Around 5000 people who were suspected of being part of the plot to kill Hitler were executed, including 19 generals and 26 colonels.
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How did Germany come to lose the war?
The soviet union invaded east Germany, and USA and Britain invaded from the west. Millions of Germans fled to avoid the bombing and russian soldiers. Two million died from the cold, disease and tiredness.
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What happened on the 24th of March 1945>
The allies cross the Rhine River
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What happens on the 22nd of April 1945?
Russia's red army enters Berlin from the east.
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What happened on the 29th of April 1945?
Hitler marries Eva Braun in the early hours of the morning/
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30th April 1945?
Hitler killed himself, but poisoned his new wife first. His officers cremate his body under his orders.
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7th May 1945?
Karl Doenitz had been authorised by Hitler to control Germany. Doenitz agreed that Germany surrendered uncoditionally. Germany had lost the war.
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The division of Germany:
The treaty of Versailles had not worked so a lot of thought went into how to punish Germany this time.
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How was Germany dealt with after the war?
It was divided into sections and Allied soldiers were put in place to keep order. Austria was separated from Germany.
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What happened to the Nazi leaders after the defeat?
A total of 21 of the senior leaders of the nazi party were tried in Nuremberg in 1945 and 1947.
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What was denazifictaion?
The nazi party was made illegal. Former nazis were removed from positions of influence. Millions of school textbooks were destroyed. Teachers were removed from their posts. A new curriculum was introduced. The allies controlled the press, film, radio
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What was the enabling act?
Gave Hitler the power to make his own laws.
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How many people were sterilized in nazi germany?
300 000
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Card 2

Front

Why was proportional representation a problem for the Weimar government?

Back

It was difficult to win enough seats to form a government, therefore coalition governments were common and it could be difficult to make decisions.

Card 3

Front

What was Article 48?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why was the army a problem for the Weimar government initially?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why were the courts a problem for the Weimar government to begin with?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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