GCSE ICT Key Terms
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- Created by: alishamunson
- Created on: 08-05-17 14:16
3G
Third-generation wireless communication.
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Acceptable use policy
Rules to which users agree, to reduce the misuse of ICT.
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Application (Applications software)
Software that helps users perform particular tasks.
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Backup
A copy of data that is made in case the original data is lost/damaged.
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Bandwidth
The amount of data that can fit through an Internet connection.
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Biometric
An automated method of recognising a person based on physical characteristics.
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Blog
A shared online journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies.
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Blue-jacking
The sending of unwanted messages to others over Bluetooth connections.
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Bluetooth
Allows the exchange of data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices.
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Blu-ray
A disk that enables the recording, rewriting and playback of high-definition video and the storing of large amounts of data.
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Broadband
A high-speed connection to the Internet.
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Buffering
Downloading a certain amount of data into temporary storage before starting to play a file.
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Card Code Verification (CCV)
A set of numbers on the back of a credit card that help verify that the use of the credit card is legitimate.
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Cloud computing
A system in which all computer programs and data is stored on a central server owned by a company and accessed virtually.
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Collaboratively
Working together to achieve common goals.
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Commercial
Related to a nusiness
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Compatible
The ability of a device to communicate and share information with another device.
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Computer Misuse Act
The law that restricts people from accessing or modifying data without permission.
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Convergence
When one device is developed to carry out functions that were originally performed by several different devices.
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Cookies
Small text files that are sent to your computer from certain websites. They track your behaviour and transactions.
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Copyright
Gives the creator of an original work exclusive rights regarding that work for a certain period of time, including its publication, distribution and adaptation.
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Copyright, Designs and Patens Act
The law that protects people's original work from being used without their permission
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Credit Card
A plastic card, issued by banks, building societies, retail stores and other businesses, which enables a person to buy goods and services without the need for cash.
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Data
Symbols, characters, images and numbers are all types of data. When data is processed and acquires meaning it becomes information.
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Data Protection Act
This law regulates how personal information is used and protects against misuse of personal details.
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Debit Card
When money is taken directly from the holder’s bank account.
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Digital divide
Unequal access to ICT for individuals or groups.
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Digital Economy Act
The law which protects copyright holders from criminals who illegally distribute copyrighted material (piracy).
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Digital Rights Management
Allows the copyright holder or the owner of the media control over the number of viewings, plays and copies, and even which devices the media can be played or viewed on.
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Dongle
A small piece of hardware that connects to a computer and has uses including data storage and picking up Bluetooth and 3G signals.
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Download
Transfer of a file from a central computer to your computer.
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DVD
A type of compact disc able to store large amounts of data, especially high-resolution audiovisual material.
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E-commerce
Buying and selling goods electronically, usually over the Internet.
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Electronic waste (e-waste)
Rubbish comprising of digital materials.
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Encryption
When data is translated into a secret code according to a set of rules in a special 'key'.
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Ergonomics
The design of equipment to increase the efficiency of the way it is used by the human body, to promote the health of users.
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Etiquette
A set of rules that people try to abide by out of respect for other people around them.
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Firewall
A system designed to prevent unauthorised access to your computer when connected to a network such as the Internet.
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Flash memory card
Used for fast and easily transferable information storage in digital devices such as mobile phones, media players and cameras.
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Fraud
Used for fast and easily transferable information storage in digital devices such as mobile phones, media players and cameras.
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Geotag
To attach the exact geographical coordinates of longitude and latitude to a digital image, giving the location of where it was taken.
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Globalisation
The increasing integration of economies and societies around the world, particularly through international trade.
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GPS (global positioning system)
A navigational system used in many devices which gives current location, directions from current location to specified destination and distance from current location to specified destination using signals from satellites.
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Hacker
Someone who gains unauthorised access to a computer in order to obtain data stored on it.
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Hardware
The physical parts of a computer system.
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HDMI
Required for connecting devices to show high-definition video.
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HDTV
High-definition TV.
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High definition (HD)
A television system providing an image resolution that is of substantially higher resolution than that of standard-definition television.
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Hosted software
Software accessed via a web browser rather than being installed onto a computer.
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Identity theft
A crime that involves someone pretending to be another person in order to steal money or obtain other benefits.
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Information overload
Having so much information available that the user feels overwhelmed and is unable to take any of it in, possibly leading to stress.
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ISP (Internet service provider)
A company that provides Internet access to its customers.
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IP (Internet Protocol) address
The personal address of your computer so that servers know where to send the information you have requested.
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Lag
Slow computer functionality often caused by high latency or low performance hardware.
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Latency
The time delay between the moment something is initiated and the moment it becomes detectable.
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Locally installed software
Software which is installed on the user's computer.
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Microblog
Short messages which may include short sentences, individual images or video links,
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Multifunctional
Having the ability to do many different things using the same device.
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Near field communication (NFC)
Allows the wireless exchange of data between two devices by touching them together or holding them very close to each other.
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Non-physical goods
Items for sale which are delivered digitally.
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On-demand entertainment
Technology that allows users to view programmes at the time of their choosing by streaming them.
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Online banking
A service offered by banks that allows account holders to view their account information online and
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Online community
A group of members of a website who communicate and share ideas online.
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Open source software
Software that is available to download free of charge.
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Overheads
The ongoing expenses of operating a business, e.g. rent, fuel bills, salaries.
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Peer-to-peer (P2P)
Sharing files among groups of people who are logged on to a file-sharing network.
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Peripherals
External devices connected to a computer.
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Personalised learning
Learning that is tailored towards the individual to allow them to make progress.
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Personalisation techniques
Ways of making content relevant to a particular customer using their interests, geographical location etc.
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Phishing
A form of Internet fraud that aims to steal valuable information such as credit card details, usernames and passwords.
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Physical goods
Items for sale which can be touched and must be delivered by post in some way.
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Plagiarism
Copying someone else's work and presenting it as your own.
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Privacy
The protection of personal data.
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Proprietary software
Software for which you have to pay for a license to use.
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Protocol
A set of rules used by computers to communicate with each other across a network.
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Public domain
Materials that are available for anyone to use for any purpose (not subject to laws of copyright).
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Query
To search, usually when talking about a database.
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Repetitive strain injury (RSI)
Damage caused to the muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves or joints, usually because of repeating the same action.
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RSS feeds
A web feed format used for content which is frequently updated.
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Sat nav
A device, usually used in a car, that gives directions based on information received from a series of satellites.
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SD and SDHC cards
Secure Digital (SD) cards are a type of flash memory card which store up to 2 GB of data. Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC) cards are another type of flash memory that can store up to 32 GB of data.
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Search engine index
A list of websites which has been compiled by the search engine which drastically increases speed of searching.
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Social bookmarking
A way of organising, storing and managing links to online resources, allowing users to search them easily.
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Social networking site
An online community where people can communicate and share information.
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Software
Programs that give instructions to a computer and which allow the user to carry out different tasks.
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Smartphone
A phone offering advanced features.
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Spyware
Software that can be installed on your computer without your knowledge, which collects information about your logins and passwords and sends details to another computer on the Internet.
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SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
A method of encrypting data to provide security for communications over networks.
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Stream
Content is sent in compressed form over the Internet and displayed by the viewer in real time.
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Sustainability
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations
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Target audience
A description of the people your products are aimed at.
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Teleworking
Working from home but staying in touch with others with the help of technology.
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Third party payment processor
A business that offers customers an alternative fast, safe method to pay for online goods and services.
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Transactional data
Data which is gathered as a part of a users' online activity.
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Trojan
A program that appears legitimate but which performs some harmful activity when it is run. I
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Upload
Transfer a file from your computer to a central computer.
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User-generated reference sites
Allow users to generate content collaboratively on a website to which others can refer to inform their research.
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Validation
The process of checking that the data entered is reasonable or one of the expected options.
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Viral marketing
A marketing strategy that encourages people to pass on a marketing message to their friends. It uses interesting and entertaining content that people will want to share. Viral marketing uses multimedia to make the message memorable.
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Virtual learning environment (VLE)
An online system for education with areas for homework, classes, teacher and pupil space.
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Virus
A program designed to cause other programs on a computer to malfunction or stop working altogether.
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VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)
This technology is used to make telephone calls via the Internet, usually at a cheaper cost.
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Wi-Fi
Used to exchange data and the signals can travel further distances.
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Wikis
A type of website that encourages collaboration by allowing users to add, edit and remove content.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Rules to which users agree, to reduce the misuse of ICT.
Back
Acceptable use policy
Card 3
Front
Software that helps users perform particular tasks.
Back
Card 4
Front
A copy of data that is made in case the original data is lost/damaged.
Back
Card 5
Front
The amount of data that can fit through an Internet connection.
Back
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