Fibres and fabrics

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  • Created by: Gwen
  • Created on: 21-01-13 17:20
Fibre
A hair like structure that is the basis of a yarn or fabric
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Staple
A short fibre that needs to be twisted with others to make a yarn
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Filament
A long fibre that can be used alone or twisted with others to make a smooth yarn
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Yarn
A thread like structure that is made from either short staple fibres twisted together or long filament fibres
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Fabric
A sheet or length of cloth made from fibres or yarns
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Natural fibre
A fibre that comes from a plant or animal source
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Handle
What a fabric is like to hold and work with
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Synthetic fibre
Entirely artificial and made using oil and coal in its chemical production
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Polymerisation
The process by which monomers are joined together to form polymers
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Trade name
A name given to a fibre created and sold by a company such as Nylon (named by DuPont) where polyamide is its generic name
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Microfibre
A synthetic fibre that is made 60 times finer than a human hair
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Regenerated fibre
Natural cellulose treated with artificial chemicals to extract the fibre
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Closed loop process
A manufacturing process where by all waste is reused in the production system
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Biodegradable
Can be broken down naturally through the action of bacteria or other living organisms
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Sustainable
Can be manufactured with little or no negative impact on the environment and on the health and wellbeing of the workers employed to make the product
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Blended fibre
Two or more fibres spun together to make a yarn
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Mixed fibre
Two or more yarns mixed together in the construction of a fabric
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Aesthetics
The visual design appeal
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Green fibre
An alternative sustainable source of fibre for a yarn or fabric
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Woven fabric
Interlacing yarns with warp running down the length and weft running across the fabric
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Jaquard
A complex weave or a loom for complex weaves
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Plain weave
A simple basic weave with alternating yarns between weft and warp
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Twill weave
Weft goes under more than one warp thread making a diagonal stripe pattern on the fabric
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Satin weave
The weft or the warp goes over four or more yarns gving a high smooth sheen to the fabric
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Pile weave
Loops or cut loops form a raised texture on the fabric
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Weight of fabric
Dictated by the thickness and fibre type of the yarn and/or the denseness of the weave/knit
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Felted
Fibres are pressed together using heat, moisture and agitation, or hot needles
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Bonded
Webs of fibres are pressed together using adhesives or heat
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Laminated
Two or more fabrics bonded together to enhance the fabric's properties
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PVC
Polyvinyl chloride
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Micro-encapsulation
Substances that are fixed to the fabric or fibre and can then be activated, such as perfumes
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Weft knit
Loops linked across the width of the fabric
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Warp knit
Loops linked in a vertical direction
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Embossing
A relief print pressed into a fabric changing its surface texture as well as giving it a patterned appearance
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Drape
How a fabric hangs
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Colourfast
How well a fabric kees dyes applied to it, even through regular washing
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Smart fabric
A textile product that changed owing to its environment without human intervention
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Interactive fabric
A product that requires a power source to activate its features
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A short fibre that needs to be twisted with others to make a yarn

Back

Staple

Card 3

Front

A long fibre that can be used alone or twisted with others to make a smooth yarn

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A thread like structure that is made from either short staple fibres twisted together or long filament fibres

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A sheet or length of cloth made from fibres or yarns

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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