Electron structure and bonding

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what are shells
they are energy levels
the energy increases as the shell number increases
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what is an orbital
is a region around the nucleus that can hold up two electrons with opposite spins
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what are the different orbitals
s,p,d,f
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what is the shape of the s-orbital
it is a sphere
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what is the shape of p-orbital
it is a dumb bell shape or a figure 8
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filling orbitals
pg 56
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electron configuration
pg 57
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blocks and the periodic table
pg 58
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what is ionic bonding
it is the electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions. It holds together cations and anions in ionic compounds
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how can ionic bond be shown
it can be shown in a dot and cross diagram between metals and non-metals
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what are some examples of ionic bonding and can you explain how they bond
potassium fluoride or magnesium chloride
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what is the structure of ionic compounds
each charged ion attracts oppositely charged ions in all direction which results in an giant ionic lattice with strong ionic bonds and intermolecular forces
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what are the properties of ionic compounds
they have a high melting and boiling point as at room temperature there is insufficient energy to overcome the strong electrostatic forces
they are also soluble and can dissolve in polar substance
they cannot conduct electricity when solid but when molte
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are all ionic compounds soluble
no in compounds with larger charges the ionic attraction may be too strong to be broken down by water so will not be very soluble
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what affects the high melting point depend on
higher melting points for ions with larger charges and the attraction depends on the size of the ions
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what is a covalent bonding
it is the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
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what atoms do covalent bonding happen between
non metallic elements
compounds of non-metallic elements
polyatomic ions
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how do the orbital overlap occur
the shared pair of electrons is attracted to the nuclei of both the bonding atoms and the bonded atoms often have outer shells with the same electron structure as the nearest noble gas
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what is the difference between the ionic bonding and covalent bonding
in ionic the Na+ ions for example attracts in all directions in three dimensions and in a covalent the attraction is solely between the shared pair of electrons
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examples of covalent bonding
pg 64 and 65
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what are different types of covalent bonds
double covalent bond, triple covalent bond and a dative covalent bond
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is an orbital

Back

is a region around the nucleus that can hold up two electrons with opposite spins

Card 3

Front

what are the different orbitals

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the shape of the s-orbital

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is the shape of p-orbital

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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