Critical Thinking Definitions

1. 38. A fault in the pattern of reasoning that weakens the support given to the conclusion of an argument. (4)
3. An attempt to justify an action on the basis that someone else is doing it. (2, 6)
4. 39. A form of argument which justifies a conclusion by how much it is accepted. (6, 2, 10)
5. 39. A form of argument that supports a conclusion by saying it has always been done in this way. (6, 2, 9)
6. Evidence based on second-hand information from another source, who may have interpreted it. (7)
10. 39. A form of argument that attempts to support a conclusion by engaging the audience’s emotions rather than giving reasons. (6, 2, 7)

2. 40. A form of argument that supports a prediction about the future with reference to the past. (6, 2, 7)
7. 38. A reference to something or someone in order to persuade an audience to accept a conclusion. (6)
8. 38. Reasoning that assumes a casual connection without good reason, oversimplifies casual relationships or confuses cause and effect. (7)
9. 23. When evidence or an argument contains two claims which cannot both be correct at the same time. (13)

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