Functionalism is a consensus theory which views society as a body of institutions which should be maintained.
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What is Marxism?
Marxism is a conflict theory stating that capitalism keeps the bourgeoisie in control of the proletariat.
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What is Merton's strain theory?
Merton's strain theory is that individuals in America will attempt to gain status and wealth in a capitalist system through what ever means.
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What are the 5 deviant adaptions?
1) Conformity - use of legitimate means for goals. 2) Innovation - accepting goals but rejecting legitimate means. 3) Ritualism - give up on goals but continue with illegitimate means. 4) Retreatism - give up goals & means. 5) Rebellion - subculture
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What is sub cultural strain theory?
Subcultures give alternative chances to achieving goals. For example, criminal gangs given an opportunity to have status.
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What did Cloward & Ohnlin (1960) find?
Three subcultures: 1) Criminal - providing individuals with legitimate opportunities within existing hierarchy. 2) Conflict - disorganised professional networks. 3) Retreatist - failure to gain any status leading to drug abuse.
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What is the Marxist perspective on C&D?
Crime is criminogenic, meaning all crime is caused by capitalism, and there is a difference in treatment between lower and middle class criminals.
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What is the labelling theory perspective on C&D?
A deviant is an individual labelled by society, and the punishment depends on the interaction between them and the agent of social control.
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What is primary and secondary labelling?
Primary - is labelled deviant by society, which is rationalised by the deviant. Secondary - the successful labeling by society invoking humiliation and stigma.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is Marxism?
Back
Marxism is a conflict theory stating that capitalism keeps the bourgeoisie in control of the proletariat.
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