Chemistry bonding and structure - part 2

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  • Created by: I.m
  • Created on: 01-12-12 12:46
What determines the shape of simple molecules or ions?
The shape of a simple molecule or ion is determined by the number of electron pairs in the outer shell, surrounding the central atom.
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What are the 4 key points of electron repulsion theory?
1.The pairs of electrons that surround an atom repel one another.2.When this happen the electron pairs become as far apart as possible.3.This electron pair repulsion determines the shape of simple molecules.LP of electrons repel more strongly than BP
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Why does a lone pair of electrons repel more than a bonded pair?
A lone pair of electrons repels more than a bonded pair because a lone pair is slightly more electron-dense than a bonding pair.
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What is the name of the shape that has 2 bonding pairs of electrons around the central atom?
Linear.
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What is the bond angle in a liner molecule?
180°
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What is the name of the shape that has 3 bonding pairs of electrons around the central atom?
Trigonal.
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What is the bond angle of a trigonal molecule?
120°
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Give an example of a molecule that has a trigonal shape.
BF₃.
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What is the name of the shape that has 4 bonding pairs of electrons around the central atom?
Tetrahedral.
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What is the bond angle of a tetrahedral molecule?
109.5°.
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Give an example of a molecule that has a tetrahedral shape.
CH₄.
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What is the name of the shape that has 6 bonding pairs of electrons around the central atom?
Octahedral.
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What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule?
90°
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Give an example of a molecule that has a octahedral shape.
SF₆.
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By how many degrees does each lone pair reduce the bond angle by?
Each lone pair reduces the bond angle by 2.5°.
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When a molecule has 1 lone pair and 3 bonding pairs what is the name of the shape of the molecule and what is its bond angle?
Pyramidal and it has a bond angle of 107° (109.5°-2.5°).
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Give an example of a molecule that has a pyramidal shape?
NH₃
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When a molecule has 2 lone pairs and 2 bonding pairs what is the name of the shape of the molecule and what is its bond angle?
Non-linear and it has a bond angle of 104.5° (109.5°-2.5°-2.5°).
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Give an example of a molecule that has a non-linear shape?
H₂O.
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What are bonding regions?
In electron pair repulsion theory, multiple bonds are considered as bonding regions.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the 4 key points of electron repulsion theory?

Back

1.The pairs of electrons that surround an atom repel one another.2.When this happen the electron pairs become as far apart as possible.3.This electron pair repulsion determines the shape of simple molecules.LP of electrons repel more strongly than BP

Card 3

Front

Why does a lone pair of electrons repel more than a bonded pair?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the name of the shape that has 2 bonding pairs of electrons around the central atom?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the bond angle in a liner molecule?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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