Cardio-Respiratory system

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What are the 4 valves in the heart?
Pulmonary valve, Aortic valve, Bicuspid valve, Tricuspid valve.
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What is the right atriums main function?
Recieves De-oxygenated blood from the body then pumps blood through the lungs to the left atrium.
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What is the left atriums main function?
It receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins, and pumps it into the left ventricle
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What is the right ventricles main function?
It receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium via the tricuspid valve, and pumps it into the pulmonary artery via the pulmonary valve
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What is the left ventricles main function?
It receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium via the mitral valve, and pumps it into the aorta via the aortic valve.
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What is cornary circulation?
Where the heart is supplied with blood and oxygen to keep breathing
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What is pulmonary circulation?
where blood is pumped to the lungs
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What is systemic circulation?
where blood is pumped to the body
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What is EDV?
End diastolic volume- volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of the relaxation phase.
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What is ESV?
end systolic volume- amount of blood remaining in the ventricles after the contraction phase
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What is Frank Starlings Law?
If there is an insufficient venous return, then there will be a poor stroke volume and it will have a poor effect on performance.
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what is meant by 'Steady state' ?
during moderate exercise. where oxygen supply equates with oxygen demand.
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what is ejection franction?
volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per beat
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Venous return..what is it?
volume of blood wich returns to the heart.
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What is Bradycardia ?
a 'slow heart'. where someones resting heart rate is below 60 beats per minute, often means their physically fit.
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what is cardiac hypertrophy?
the enlargement of the heart due to the effects of training. endurance athletes will have larger ventricular lumans, whereas high resistance athletes show thicker ventricular walls.
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What is Anticipatory rise?
where there is an increase in HR before excerise begins. this is because of adreneline.
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What is the CCC?
The cardiac control centre- found in the Medulla oblongata (back of brain) which controls your heart rate.
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what are chemoreceptors?
they detect chemical changes in the blood
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what are baroreceptors?
they detect pressure changes in the blood.
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How does the CCC decrease the heart rate?
if HR needs to be decreased. the CCC will send messages to the parasympathetic nervous system which will then send messages to the SA node via the vagus nerve to initiate heart contraction
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how does the CCC decrease the heart rate?
the CCC will send messages to the sympathetic nervous system which will then send messages to the SA node via the accelerator nerve to initiate a faster heart contraction
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what are the three types of blood vessel
Arteries(carry oxygenated blood away from the heart at a high intensity) Veins(carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart at a low pressure) Capillaries(one cell thick, found near skeletal muscle, allow blood to move anywhere)
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Luman?
Hole in the blood vessels
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what does vasodialate mean?
where blood vessels get wider to allow more blood flow
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what does vasoconstrict mean?
where blood vessels get thiner constricting blood flow
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what is blood pooling? how is it prevented?
venous return requires force, if there is insufficient force the blood will sit in pocket valves of veins. a cool down after exercise will prevent it.
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how is blood redistributed during exercise?
Vascular shunting- sphinctors (e.g. bum hole) vasoconstrict and convert blood flow away from organs and to working muscles.
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How is CO2 transported in the blood?
3 ways: 1) 70% combined with water within red blood cells. 2) 23% combined with haemoglobin making carbomenahaemoglobin. 3) 7% dissolved in plasma (fluid in blood)
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what is the vasomotor control centre?
It is found in the medulla oblongata, it stimulates the sympathetic nervous system (increased HR) to either vasodialoate or vasoconstrict the sphinctors & arterails which supply muscles and organs(VASCULAR SHUNTING)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the right atriums main function?

Back

Recieves De-oxygenated blood from the body then pumps blood through the lungs to the left atrium.

Card 3

Front

What is the left atriums main function?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the right ventricles main function?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the left ventricles main function?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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