The material inside the nucleus of cells, carrying the genetic information of a living being.
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what does DNA carry?
They carry the genetic code that determines the characteristics of a living organism.
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what is each strand of DNA made of?
chemicals called bases.
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who worked out the structure of DNA? when did they work it out?
James Watson and Francis Crick worked out the structure of DNA in 1953.
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what are the four different bases is DNA?
thymine, T, adenine, A, guanine, G and cytosine, C.
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what is heredity?
Genetic information that determines an organism’s characteristics, passed on from one generation to another.
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what is the nucleus?
The central part of an atom. It contains protons and neutrons, and has most of the mass of the atom. The plural of nucleus is nuclei.
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what is a chromosome?
The structure made of DNA that codes for all the characteristics of an organism.
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what is a double helix?
The shape of the DNA molecule with two strands twisted together in a spiral.
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which DNA bases pair up with eachother?
thymine pairs with adenine (T–A) and guanine pairs with cytosine (G–C)
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what are genes?
The basic units of genetic material inherited from our parents. A gene is a section of DNA which controls part of a cell's chemistry - particularly protein production.
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what are different version of the same gene called?
Different versions of the same gene are called alleles
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what is a diploid?
A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes.
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what does Mitosis produce?
Mitosis produces two genetically identical cells in which the number of chromosomes is the same as in the original cell.
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what is an enzyme
A protein which catalyses or speeds up a chemical reaction.
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An enzyme is a biological catalyst. what is a catalyst?
A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed by the reaction itself.
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The part of an enzyme to which one or more substrate molecules can attach is called the active site. what is the active site?
The part of the enzyme to which a specific substrate can attach or fit on to.
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what is a substrate?
A substance on which enzymes act.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
They carry the genetic code that determines the characteristics of a living organism.
Back
what does DNA carry?
Card 3
Front
chemicals called bases.
Back
Card 4
Front
James Watson and Francis Crick worked out the structure of DNA in 1953.
Back
Card 5
Front
thymine, T, adenine, A, guanine, G and cytosine, C.
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