OCR Biology 3.1 Key Definitions 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyExchange Surfaces and BreathingASOCR Created by: milly._98Created on: 25-04-16 10:57 Surface Area to Volume Ratio The surface area of an organism divided by its volume - expressed as a ratio 1 of 23 Alveoli Tiny folds of the lung Epithelium - increases the surface area 2 of 23 Bronchi Smaller airways leading to the lungs 3 of 23 Diaphragm Layer of muscle beneath the lungs 4 of 23 Intercostal Muscles Muscles between the ribs. When they contract, the ribcage rises 5 of 23 Trachea The main airway leading from the back of the mouth to the lungs 6 of 23 Ventilation The refreshing of air in the lungs. Higher oxygen concentration than in the blood and a lower carbon dioxide concentration 7 of 23 Cartilage A form of connective tissue 8 of 23 Ciliated Epithelium A layer of cells that have hair like extentions called cilia 9 of 23 Goblet Cells Cells that secrete mucus 10 of 23 Smooth Muscle Involuntary muscle that contracts without the need for conscious thought 11 of 23 Breathing Rate The number of breaths per minute 12 of 23 Oxygen Uptake The volume of air inhaled or exhaled in one breath 13 of 23 Spirometer A device that can measure the movement of air in and out of the lungs 14 of 23 Vital Capacity The greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath 15 of 23 Buccal Cavity Mouth 16 of 23 Countercurrent Flow Where 2 fluids flow in opposite directions 17 of 23 Filaments Slender branches of tissue that make up the gill 18 of 23 Lamellae Folds of the filament to increase the surface area 19 of 23 Operculum A bony flap that covers and protects the gills 20 of 23 Spiracle An external opening or pore that allows air in or out of the tracheae 21 of 23 Tracheal Fluid The fluid found at the ends of the tracheoles in the tracheal system 22 of 23 Tracheal System A system of air filled tubes in insects 23 of 23
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