A two-way emotional bond between an infant and their primary caregiver
Attachment
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Being physically close to your attachment figure as they provide a secure and safe base
Proximity
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Feeling anxious when a stranger appears
Stranger Anxiety
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Showing distress when separated from attachment figure
Separation Anxiety
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Responding in time with one another to sustain communication
Interactional Synchrony
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Interaction flows both ways between adult and infant
Reciprocity
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Infant mimics or copies the adult's behaviour
Imitation
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Adult attends sensitively to infant's communications
Sensitive Responsiveness
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The first bond an infant makes
Primary Attachment
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When an infant has more than one attachment
Multiple Attachments
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Infant becomes attracted to other humans, preferring them to objects and events. Shown through them smiling at faces. (Birth-3 Months)
Pre-attachment phase
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Infants begin to discriminate between familiar and unfamilar people. They smile more at known people and are extremely sociable. Still allow strangers to look after them. Do not show stranger anxiety yet (3 Months- 7/8 Months)
Indiscriminate-attachment phase
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Infants begin to develop specific attachments with the primary caregiver. Stay close to specific people and begin to show both separation and stranger anxiety. Avoid unfamilliar people and protest if handled by strangers( 7/8 Months onwards)
Discriminate-attachment phase
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Form strong emotional ties with other major caregivers (EG. Grandparents) and non-caregivers (EG. Siblings/Cousins). Fear of strangers weakens, but attachment to the mother figure remains strongest. (9 Months onwards)
Multiple Attachments
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There is a strong bond between child and caregiver. Infant is distressed if separated however when reunited child is easily comforted. Willingness to explore, weary of strangers but still friendly when mother is present.
Secure Attachment
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When separated from caregiver child isn't too distressed and can be comforted by a stranger. Avoid social interaction and intimacy. Do not tend to orientate to mother nor are concerned by her absence or return. Mothers sometimes ignbored children her
Insecure Avoidant Attachment
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Uneasy around caregiver but became upset when separated. Comfort cant be given by strangers or caregiver. Accept and reject social interaction and intimacy. Mothers tended to act ambivalently towards their children here.
Insecure Resistant Attachment
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Mother is the neutral stimulus. Mother gives baby food (innate reinforcer) making the child feel pleasure. Baby associates mother with food and mother with pleasure
Classical Conditioning
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Babies feel discomfort when hungry. If they cry, the mother will come and feed them, so discomfort is removed. Baby then seeks attachment from mother to reduce discomfort
Operant Conditioning
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Single attachment with primary caregiver
Monotropy
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If attachment is not fromed within 2 years it will not form at all
Critical Period
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Being physically close to your attachment figure as they provide a secure and safe base
Back
Proximity
Card 3
Front
Feeling anxious when a stranger appears
Back
Card 4
Front
Showing distress when separated from attachment figure
Back
Card 5
Front
Responding in time with one another to sustain communication
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