Attachment Key Terms

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  • Created by: isabeltil
  • Created on: 27-03-22 19:41
Attachment – a close two-way emotional bond between two individuals in which each individual sees the other as essential for their own emotional security.
Reciprocity – where each person responds to the other with a similar action, eliciting a response from the other person which doesn’t have to be the same action, e.g. turn taking like a conversation.
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Interactional Synchrony – where one person mirrors the behaviour of the other, copying facial expressions or body movements or mimicking, e.g. two things moving in the same pattern.
Stages of Attachment – a sequence of qualitatively different infant behaviours linked to specific ages and all babies go through them in the same order.
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Imprinting – an innate tendency to develop a strong bond, during a critical period.
Maternal Deprivation – the emotional and intellectual consequences of prolonged separation between child and his/her mother/mother substitute. Continuous care from mother is essential for normal psychological development.
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Speciesism – the prejudice against other species.
Extrapolation – an estimation of a value based on extending known factors of something already known (generalising)
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Adaptive – a behaviour or trait is adaptive when it helps an individual adjust ad function well within a changing social environment.
Social Releasers – innate infant behaviours and characteristics which encourage an innate nurturing response from an adult.
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Monotropy – a term that means one particular attachment is different from all others and of central importance to a child's development.
Critical Period – the time within which an attachment must form if its to form at all.
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Internal Working Model – our mental representations of the world eg the representation we have of our relationship to our primary attachment figure. This model affects our future relationships because it carries our perception of what relationships are li
Secure Attachment – most desirable type associated with healthy outcomes and shows moderate stranger and separation anxiety and ease in comfort of reunion.
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Insecure Avoidant Attachment – low anxiety but weak attachment with little response to reunion and even avoidance of caregiver.
Insecure Resistant Attachment – strong attachment and high anxiety and resist being comforted at reunion out of anger but want comfort.
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Validity – refers to extent in which findings are well founded and correspond accurately to real world.
Inter-Rater Reliability – the agreement between different observers.
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Ethnocentrism – judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one's own country.
Imposed Etic – generalising findings / observations from one culture to another.
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Institution – living arrangements outside family / family home.
Institutionalisation – negative effects of living in an institution. Can result in child adopting rules and norms of the institution that can impair functioning.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Stages of Attachment – a sequence of qualitatively different infant behaviours linked to specific ages and all babies go through them in the same order.

Back

Interactional Synchrony – where one person mirrors the behaviour of the other, copying facial expressions or body movements or mimicking, e.g. two things moving in the same pattern.

Card 3

Front

Maternal Deprivation – the emotional and intellectual consequences of prolonged separation between child and his/her mother/mother substitute. Continuous care from mother is essential for normal psychological development.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Extrapolation – an estimation of a value based on extending known factors of something already known (generalising)

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Social Releasers – innate infant behaviours and characteristics which encourage an innate nurturing response from an adult.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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