'The Tudors'- Elizabeth I and Religion

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Elizabeth I and Religion

Timeline

1558: (November)- Elizabeth succeeds to the throne

1559: (April)- Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity

         (June)- Royal injuctions, Matthew Parker (Archbishop of Canterbury)

1568: (May)- Mary, Queen of Scots put under house arrest

1569: (November-February)- Rebellion led by Catholic earls

1571: (April)- Parliament passes the Treasons Act; Walter Strickland

1577: (November)- First execution of a Catholic priest as a traitor

1580: (June)- First Jesuits arrive in England

1583: (August)- John Whitgift (Archbishop of Canterbury)

         (October)- Whitgift issues his Three Articles

1585: (February)- Parliament passes Act against Jesuits/Seminary Priests...

1587: (February)- Mary, Queen of Scots is executed at Fotheringhay 

Genevan System

Prerogative

Puritans formed Separatist groups

Pope Pius V- Excommunicated Elizabeth

Catholic priests from seminaries in Europe began to come to England as missionaries and they were followed by the Jesuits

Pressures on Elizabeth + her Religious Settlement

- Faced a variety of pressures

- Position abroad with Calais

- The advice she received from her ministers 

- Her own personal preferences in religion

The situation in England

- Considerable degree of religious upheaval

- Since 1529

- The changes in religion: (Henry VIII-Rejection of the pope as head of the Church) (Edward VI's reign) (Mary I- Catholicism)

- Divided religiously

Protestants

- Some left during the persecutions and went into exile at Zurich/Frankfurt/Geneva

- Marian exiles returned home as soon as Mary was dead

- A new Church Settlement

- They were not a united group (one of their weaknesses)

- Elizabeth favoured priests from thos group as they were more moderate

Roman Catholics

- Rule of Mary I

- Roman Catholicism had been restored by Mary and her Archbishop of Canterbury (Cardinal Pole)

- The burning og some 280 martyrs

- The willingness of some Protestants to die for their faith challenged previous attitudes

Foreign situation

- 1558: England was at war with France

- France was a largely Catholic country and negotatiation might be easier if England did not become aggressively Protestant

Alliance with Spain

- Philip II accepted that Elizabeth might become Protestant and would prove willing to protect her

- Unlikely to mount an invasion of England

Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis

- Elizabeth was assured that Philip's friendship and support would help her become successful

- Secured Elizabeth's position

- Opened a way for the Religious Settlement

- A

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