Cell fractionation

In order to look at some organelles under an electron microscope, you'd need to separate them from the rest of the cell.
There are three steps to cell fractionation:

Homogenisation (breaking up the cells) - it can be done in several different ways, such as vibrating the cells or grinding the cells up in a blender, to break the plasma membrane and release the organelles into a solution.
The solution is kept ice cold to reduce enzyme activity, and isotonic to prevent osmosis. A buffer is added to keep a constant…