Learning Skills

• Making association or links between sitmuli
• Observing others and copying them
• Using experiences of trial and error

• Practise and Rehearsal
  • e.g. repeatedly practising your shooting in basketball
• Copying Others/Observational Learning
  • e.g. to watch a demonstration of an arabesque in gymnastics carried out by an expert gymnast
• Trail and Error
  • e.g. to try a backhand volley in table tennis and to learnd form your mistakes when playing the shot.

• Used through repetitive skill drills
• Practise encourages movements to become almost automatic
• The responses of the learner will be conditioned when associated with a particular stimulus
• However when using drills the participant can't always gain an understanding of why they are doing something

Example: a hockey player dribbling the ball may recognise a route opening to the goal and run it, in an almost automtic repsonse if they have practised this stimulus many times in training

• Sometime called operant conditioning
• involves the showing of our movements and techniques trought the use of reinforcement
• widely used in the teaching of motor skills and is extremely effective

Example: A netball player will try out different methods of passing the ball to see which one works best.

• Also known as Observational Learning
• Learning takes place through the observation and imitation of others
• It involves the influence of other people
• Therefore the demonstration process is particularly important
• The person whos skills are being observed is called the role model
• We are more likely to copy those who show acceptable skills.
• Top sports people are often role models, whoose behaviour and skills are seen to be acceptable and copied by many

Example: To watch a demostration of an arabesque in gymnastics carried out by an expert gymnast

• A successful demonstrator who is good at the activity
• Highlighted aspects of the demonstration e.g. position of arms
• Demonstration is repeated
• The activity is then practised and rehearsed
• There are rewards available, such as praise to encourage copying