Danby's administration 1673-9

1. Restore relations with Parl'. 

2. Try and eliminate French influence. 

3. Try to improve finances. 

4. Repress dissenters

That J, Dof Y, who represented Caths and Shafts, who represented NCs + dissenters had convo about an alliance because of the harsh persecution. 

In the 70s and 80s Charles became less guiding with his ministers - weak director.

Positives:

1. Initially strengthened - religion + FP = cav' 

2. Bribes -  24-30, £10,000 pa 1675 

3. Lobbying 

4.1677 - Shafts and other leaders sent to tower - COWARD: THEY + CLOSEST AT THIS TIME. 

5. Closing down of coffee houses - double-edged sword  

Negatives: 

1. Intol' = too extreme 

2. Still mistrust of C 

3. Bribes - certain amount in budget + commonplace

Positives: 

1. Eradication of tax farmers 

2. Increased collection of taxes 

3. Increased royal income - just over £1.3 mill by 1678 

4. Retrenchment 

Negatives: 

1. L-T efforts undermined by S-T extravagence

2. C agreed to, then ignore retrenchment - floating debt of £750,000 greater than inherited in 1674.

Dan's aim = to realign crown religious policy with Anglican high Church, no tol'. 

Positives: 

1. Memorandum 1674 

2. 1674 - series of conferences with the bishops 

3. Test Bill 1675 - offices to be vacated if possessed by a person of Roman religion. 

Negatives: 

1. Prep for war 1678 - C refuse fight french 

2. Too extreme - sudden change + distasteful - substantiated claims made by Shafts

Positives: 

1. MPs = ignorant on FP + finance, BUT by 1677 clear they wanted a Dutch allaince, fear + distrust the French. 

2. Marriage of W+M - betrothed Oct 1677 

Negatives: 

1. C's continual involvement with the French 

2. Refused to fight the French in 1678

£443,000 

Danby's failure however was largely due to his failure to overcome the suspicions of most MPs of Charles' pro-french and cath leanings ... What caused most distrust of the crown at this stage was C's continued attachment to the French alliance. 

1. He = reluctant to recall soldiers still fighting in the French army.    

2. 2 further 'secret' agreements in Aug 1675 and Feb 1676 - L agreed to pay C £112,000. 

3. Following the occupation of Flanders by the French in Spring 1677, C refused requests from MPs to interevene, + adjourned Parl' between May 1677 - Jan 1678 to quel opposition. 

There wa a widespread fear that the army raised to fight the French would be used against Parl'.

At the same time as he engineered the marriage of W+M in 1667, C made Dan secretly obtain a yearly subsidy from L XIV. 

When this was made public in 1678, against the background of the PP, Dan = immediately impeached by Parl' + committed 1679 to the tower of London. 

1. Pro-Dutch, please Prots. 

2. Good financial policy - came up with successful policies. 

1. Faced lots of opposition - led to his impeachment and imprisonment. 

2. Allowed C to do things that = politically insensible + then left himself open to be scapegoated. 

1. Eng agreed to force L XIV to make peace with Holland, by force if necessary. 

2, Parl' voted to raise an army of 30,000 men + £1 mill for this purpose.

He signed a secret agreement with L XIV - if Eng remained @ peace with France and C kept Parl' prorogued, L would grant C 2 mill livres. 

C agreed to disband the new army of 30,000 men + keep parl' prorgued in return for more money. 

C then antagonised L by taking the £ + not disbanding the Army. 

Demands for new Test Acts to exclude Caths from Parl' 

Attacks on King's ministers 

Demands that the King's children should be educated as Protestants

Charles claimed that he had dispensing powers over the penal laws against Caths + NCs.