April, 1660. Charles Stuart produced the declaration to appeal those who sought stability. - Outlined that if the monarch was restored he would rule as a traditional monarch through parliament. -Promised to pay the army its arrears.
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Why did it turn bad for Cromwell?
He used his role as a dictator and act as an unauthorised king. this led to royalist opposition. The rule of generals (1655) scared the common people, and the common wealth. Taxation and the Decimation tax was also unpopular.
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Significant event of 1659
Cromwell abandoned everything and went to exile.
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Positive achievements of Charles II.
Standing army removed. Degree of religious tolerance (though he despised Puritans and Catholics). Paid army arrears and disbanded them.
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The convention Parliament
1660. A temporary parliament to establish monarch to address the following issues - disbanding the army, militia, religion, constitution, finance, land settlement.
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The Cavalier Parliament
1661-1679. Longest running parliament. Limited financial settlement made Charles reliant on the parliament. Strengthened the position of Charles.
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Significant event of 1666
Great fire of London
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Clarendon's Impeachment
1667
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Charles II's Royal government: Cabal
1667. The dismissal of Clarendon in 1667 marked the end of an administration and of a policy. C's fall led to a rise of a new group of advisers.
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1670
Treaty of Dover
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Events between 1673 and 1678
A period of division, Court and Country Parties.
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What was the Court party?
'Tories'. Supported the aims of Charles. The Cabal functioned as a Court party. Manipulated parliament through crown patronage system. Led by Earl of Danby. Established Church of England.
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What was the Country party?
'Whigs'. Anti-Catholic, intolerant of Church of England. Wanted to defend Protestantism domestically and abroad. Distrusted the government "corrupt and wasteful". Anti absolutists, defens the rights of the parliament against the Crown's prerogative.
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The Earl of Danby
Lord treasurer - Improved finances of the crown, raised income and cute costs. However, could not control Charles' spending
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The Attack on Danby
In the 1678 parliament, Montagu(MP) presented Danby's knowledge of Charles' continuing relations with Louis XIV, despite securing money from the parliament for an army used against France as a part of the pro-Dutch Policy.
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What happened after the attack on Danby?
Hence the impeachment of Danby, and as a response to the parliament, Charles dissolved the Parliament. Charles dismissed Danby in 1679, Danby surrendered and spent 5 years in the tower.
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The Popish Plot
1678, A plan made by the Jesuits to assassinate Charles II, so he could be replaced by his atholic brother James II.
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The Exclusion Crisis
1679. Granted £200,000 for Charles to disbandment the army. Fear of Catholicism in the future monarchs. Also a reaction to the 1678 Popish plot.
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When did the brother of Charles, James become James II?
1683, death bed of Charles.
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James II's parliament
Made up of Tories. Parliament voted to extend James' army to 20,000 troops. James used his power to appoint nearly 90 Catholics as army officers. led to unease within parliament, hence James prorogued a parliament of 2 weeks.
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The Battle of Boyne
1690. William's victory against Catholics. William called on 36,000 troops against James' 25,000. After the battle, Protestant control was imposed in Ireland.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why did it turn bad for Cromwell?
Back
He used his role as a dictator and act as an unauthorised king. this led to royalist opposition. The rule of generals (1655) scared the common people, and the common wealth. Taxation and the Decimation tax was also unpopular.
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