AS PE OCR Skill S-R Bond + Learning Theories

WHAT?

- the link between the stimulus and response is due to conditioning.

Why?

• This response is stored in the LTM 
• Learning involves a change in behaviour
• Learning takes place when a connection is made between stimulus and response

3 WAYS TO STRENGTHEN THE S-R BOND

• Practice - performer needs to practice the skill so it is stored in the LTM and becomes habitual 
• Praise - when the skill is performed successfully they should receive praise to encourage them to do it again
• Punishment - this will weaken the incorrect bond and encourage the correct one

Operant Conditioning - Skinners Pigeons 

• a coach can manipulate the environment and condition a practice
• performer is presented and stimulus
• they must use trial and error to respond to the stimulus 
• the performers behaviour is shaped/modified 
• when carrying out the correct response reinforcement encourages them to do it again

Law of Effect 

• reinforcement strengthens the S-R bond 
• e.g. receiving praise/positive feedback will encourage you to do it again

Law of Exercise

• repitition stengthens the S-R bond
• e.g. practicing the skill over and over in a closed situation and making it more open will trigger a signal to you

Law of Readiness

• the player must be physically and mentally able
• e.g. performer must be physically able to do the skill

Cognitive theory of learning is insight learning - GESTALT.

• Whole Learning - the performer is given all the information so they develop an understanding/insight of what is required
• Perception- the learner must perceive what is required to solve the problem
• Past Experience - previous experiance or schemas can be adapted and transferred to help with the solution of a current problem
• Intervening Variables - learning is enhanced by mental processes (mental rehearsal)
• Self-Esteem - the learner must have a high self esteem to learn effectively if this theory is applied