Globalisation Revision Notes

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




Strands and characteristics of `development' in a
geographical context

Economic development ­ increase in a country's wealth/change in
employment structure

Demographic development - indicators such as an increase in life
expectancy, reduction in TFR, IMR

Social development ­ includes improvement in education and literacy,
healthcare, housing,…

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




Current world GDP average - $10,700

Nation
Benedict Anderson ­ imagined community

Development ­ means change and implies that change is for the
better.
In geographical terms development encompasses economic progress
with subsequent advances in social service provision. It also integrates
political and environmental freedoms and…

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




Development continuum
- The range of levels of economic development, from the poorest to
wealthiest countries. Over time individual countries will progress and
develop, although speed will vary; others may start to slow/stagnate or
even decline (Russia, Greece).

- A development continuum not only exists between…

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




Infant mortality rates
Levels of schooling - % per junior, secondary and tertiary edu
Literacy/illiteracy rates
Number of people per doctor
Calorie intake
Energy
% in each sector of the country's employment structure
(primary, secondary, tertiary)
Ownership of consumer durables washing machines, PCs, cars

PPP
E.g.…

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




8 countries have an HDI score of below 0.25




1. Define the term `development'

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




The term development refers to an improvement in a number of
different characteristics of populations. Development can suggest
economic, demographic, social, political and even cultural changes.

Economic Development: An increase in a country's level of wealth. This
could be accompanied by a decrease in the numbers…

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




Using such measurements an early classification of development divided
the world into three groups:
First world: also known as the developed world, including western
Europe, North America, Japan, Australia, new Zealand.

Second world: covered the state-controlled communist countries such as
the former USSR and the countries…

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




life expectancy,
high infant
mortality, low
levels of
education, etc.
This category
includes a
number of
sub-Saharan
African
countries.
RIC Recently Are countries Singapore Hong
Industrialize whose Kong
d Country economies have
not yet reached
first world
status but have
outpaced their
developing
counter parts?
Centrally…

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




6. Explain the term `Development Continuum'?

Also known as the `development gap' is the different in affluence
between the richer countries (those of the developed world) and the
poorer countries of the developing world. This gap has increased with
time.

7. Find an image/cartoon that you…

Globalisation 4/6/12 12:05 PM




Most would believe development in any form is a good/ positive
process. However, there is a belief amongst a very small minority that
`development' implies a dominant western world approach and ideology:
Belief in progress
Material growth and consumption
Solution to problems by the application of…